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1: Total loss of attachment (clinical attachment loss, CAL) is the sum of 2: Gingival recession, and 3: Probing depth. Gingival recession, also known as gum recession and receding gums, is the exposure in the roots of the teeth caused by a loss of gum tissue and/or retraction of the gingival margin from the crown of the teeth. [1]
The interdental papilla, also known as the interdental gingiva, is the part of the gums (gingiva) that exists coronal to the free gingival margin on the mesial and distal surfaces of the teeth. The interdental papillae fill in the area between the teeth apical to their contact areas to prevent food impaction; they assume a conical shape for the ...
It is normally triangular or pyramidal in shape and is formed by two interdental papillae (lingual and facial). [4] [5] The middle or centre part of the interdental papilla is made up of attached gingiva, whereas the borders and tip are formed by the free gingiva. The central point between the interdental papillae is called the col.
Gingival retraction or gingival recession is when there is lateral movement of the gingival margin away from the tooth surface. [1] [2] It is usually termed gingival retraction as an intentional procedure, and in such cases it is performed by mechanical, chemical, or electrical means in order to perform certain dental surgery procedures.
Abscesses of the periodontium are categorized as gingival abscess, periodontal abscess and pericoronal abscess. Combined periodontic-endodontic lesions may sometimes be abscesses, but these are considered in a separate category. A gingival abscess involves only the gingiva near the marginal gingiva or the interdental papilla.
Interdental brushes commonly consist of either a central metal wire core with soft nylon filaments twisted around, or an elastomer, and are available in various sizes to correspond to different spaces between teeth. Certain factors such as material, geometry and size of the brush can be chosen to optimize the efficiency and effectiveness:
Aesthetics will be affected such as longer clinical crowns and loss of interdental papillae leading to "black triangles" It can result in exposure of furcations; Mobility of teeth; Post-op sensitivity due to root dentine exposure; Patient may need long-term treatment until gingival margin stabilised (3–6 months).
The dental papilla contains cells that develop into odontoblasts, which are dentin-forming cells. [3] Additionally, the junction between the dental papilla and inner enamel epithelium determines the crown shape of a tooth. [2] The dental follicle gives rise to three important entities: cementoblasts, osteoblasts, and fibroblasts. Cementoblasts ...