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In chemistry, the Fischer projection, devised by Emil Fischer in 1891, is a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional organic molecule by projection. Fischer projections were originally proposed for the depiction of carbohydrates and used by chemists, particularly in organic chemistry and biochemistry. The use of Fischer projections ...
In chemistry, absolute configuration refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms within a molecular entity (or group) that is chiral, and its resultant stereochemical description. [1] Absolute configuration is typically relevant in organic molecules where carbon is bonded to four different substituents .
L-Ribose Fischer Projection. Ribose is a simple sugar and carbohydrate with molecular formula C 5 H 10 O 5 and the linear-form composition H−(C=O)−(CHOH) 4 −H. The naturally occurring form, d-ribose, is a component of the ribonucleotides from which RNA is built, and so this compound is necessary for coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes.
Hermann Emil Louis Fischer FRS FRSE FCS (German pronunciation: [ˈeːmiːl ˈfɪʃɐ] ⓘ; 9 October 1852 – 15 July 1919) was a German chemist and 1902 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He discovered the Fischer esterification. He also developed the Fischer projection, a symbolic way of drawing asymmetric carbon atoms. He also ...
The Fischer projection is a systematic way of drawing the skeletal formula of an acyclic monosaccharide so that the handedness of each chiral carbon is well specified. Each stereoisomer of a simple open-chain monosaccharide can be identified by the positions (right or left) in the Fischer diagram of the chiral hydroxyls (the hydroxyls attached ...
Fischer convention is widely used in sugar chemistry and for α-amino acids. Due to the drawbacks of Fischer convention, it is almost entirely replaced by Cahn-Ingold-Prelog convention, also known as the sequence rule or R and S nomenclature. [21] [22] This was further extended to assign absolute configuration to cis-trans isomers with the E-Z ...
Glucose (before oxidization) The Fischer projections of D-glucose (left) and D-glucuronic acid (right). Glucose's terminal carbon's primary alcohol group has been oxidized to a carboxylic acid. Uronic acids (/ ʊ ˈ r ɒ n ɪ k /) or alduronic acids are a class of sugar acids with both carbonyl and carboxylic acid functional groups. [1]
While the optical rotation of glyceraldehyde is (+) for R and (−) for S, this is not true for all monosaccharides.The stereochemical configuration can only be determined from the chemical structure, whereas the optical rotation can only be determined empirically (by experiment).