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1609 — Galileo Galilei makes his own improved version of Lippershey's telescope, calling it a "perspicillum". 1611 — Greek mathematician Giovanni Demisiani coins the word " telescope " (from the Greek τῆλε , tele "far" and σκοπεῖν , skopein "to look or see"; τηλεσκόπος, teleskopos "far-seeing") for one of Galileo ...
Galileo set himself to improving the telescope, producing telescopes of increased magnification. His first telescope had a 3x magnification, but he soon made instruments which magnified 8x, and finally, one nearly a meter long with a 37mm objective (which he would stop down to 16mm or 12mm) and a 23x magnification. [40]
Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642), commonly referred to as Galileo Galilei (/ ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ l eɪ oʊ ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ l eɪ /, US also / ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ l iː oʊ-/; Italian: [ɡaliˈlɛːo ɡaliˈlɛːi]) or mononymously as Galileo, was an Italian [a] astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath.
Galileo Galilei was an Italian scientist who is sometimes referred to as the "father of modern observational astronomy". [16] His improvements to the telescope, astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism were all integral to the Copernican Revolution.
As a result of improvements that Galileo Galilei made to the telescope, with a magnifying capability of 20×, [5] he was able to see celestial bodies more distinctly than was previously possible. This allowed Galileo to observe in either December 1609 or January 1610 what came to be known as the Galilean moons. [6] [7]
Galileo's achievements include improvements to the telescope, various astronomical observations, and initial formulation of the first and second laws of motion. Galileo was suppressed by the Catholic Church, but was a founder of modern science. [14]
One of Galileo's first telescopes had 8x to 10x linear magnification and was made out of lenses that he had ground himself. [8] This was increased to 20x linear magnification in the improved telescope he used to make the observations in Sidereus Nuncius .
In public, Galileo insisted that Guiducci, and not he, was the author of the Discourse on Comets. [13] Despite Galileo's public protestations, there is no doubt whatever that he was the main author of the Discourse on Comets. The manuscript is largely in Galileo's handwriting, and the sections in Guiducci's hand have been revised and corrected ...