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The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is a psychological assessment instrument comprising 22 symptom items pertaining to occupational burnout. [1] The original form of the MBI was developed by Christina Maslach and Susan E. Jackson with the goal of assessing an individual's experience of burnout. [2]
Maslach suggested that preventing burnout requires a combination of organizational change and worker education. [151] She and Leiter argued that burnout can occur in connection to six areas of work life: workload, control, reward, community, fairness, and values. [101]
Christina Maslach (born January 21, 1946) [1] is an American social psychologist and professor emerita of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, [2] known for her research on occupational burnout. [3] She is a co-author of the Maslach Burnout Inventory [4] and Areas of Worklife Survey. [5]
This model suggests burnout consists of three interrelated parts: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and diminished personal accomplishment. Diminished personal accomplishment refers to negative evaluations of the self. [7] [8] [9] Some new perspectives on how to prevent burnout, also suggested by Christina Maslach, include two approaches.
Physician burnout has been classified as a psychological syndrome that can be expressed as a prolonged response to due chronic occupational stressors. [1] In the practice of medicine, it has been known to affect a wide variety of individuals from medical students to practicing physicians ; although, its impact reaches far beyond that.
Susan E. Jackson is an American researcher in the fields of managing for environmental sustainability, strategic human resource management, occupational burnout, and work team diversity. [1] She was the co-author of the Maslach Burnout Inventory in 1981, [2] the primary diagnostic instrument for the condition of occupational burnout.
There are two schools of thought with regard to the definition of work engagement. On the one hand Maslach and Leiter assume that a continuum exists with burnout and engagement as two opposite poles. [3] The second school of thought operationalizes engagement in its own right as the positive antithesis of burnout. [4]
Maslach Burnout Inventory, a scale for burnout syndrome; Master of Business Informatics; Mathematical Biosciences Institute; Mbeya Airport (IATA code), Tanzania; MBI Publishing Company, publishers in Saint Paul, Minnesota, part of The Quarto Group; Metropolitan Bureau of Investigation, Florida, US; Mild behavioral impairment