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[citation needed] PSL can be made from any wood species, but Douglas fir, southern pine, western hemlock, and yellow poplar are commonly chosen [9] because of their superior strength. The product is manufactured as a 12-by-12-inch (300 mm × 300 mm) or 12-by-18-inch (300 mm × 460 mm) billet in a rectangular cross-section, which is then ...
Timber design or wood design is a subcategory of structural engineering that focuses on the engineering of wood structures. Timber is classified by tree species (e.g., southern pine, douglas fir, etc.) and its strength is graded using numerous coefficients that correspond to the number of knots, the moisture content, the temperature, the grain ...
Frontispiece for the 1918 publication of Volumes III and IV in the series. The White Pine Series of Architectural Monographs, subtitled "A Bi-Monthly Publication Suggesting the Architectural Use of White Pine and Its Availability Today as a Structural Wood", was a landmark publication of drawings, photographs and descriptions of early American architecture.
This is an example of a "double roof" with principal rafters and common rafters. A timber roof truss is a structural framework of timbers designed to bridge the space above a room and to provide support for a roof. Trusses usually occur at regular intervals, linked by longitudinal timbers such as purlins. The space between each truss is known ...
A hammer-beam is a form of timber roof truss, allowing a hammerbeam roof to span greater than the length of any individual piece of timber.In place of a normal tie beam spanning the entire width of the roof, short beams – the hammer beams – are supported by curved braces from the wall, and hammer posts or arch-braces are built on top to support the rafters and typically a collar beam.
The intervals for the blocks are specified in the building code or as calculated by a structural engineer. Blocking also resists the rotational movement, or twisting, of floor joists as they deflect under load. This may take the form of diagonal cross bracing, or herringbone, bracing between floor joists.
LVL is a type of structural composite lumber, comparable to glued laminated timber (glulam) but with a higher allowable stress. [1] A high performance more sustainable alternative to lumber, Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) beams, headers and columns are used in structural applications to carry heavy loads with minimum weight.
The vault system comprises short structural members interwoven across a curved surface in a diamond pattern. [2] [3] Lamella structures can be constructed of wood timber or lumber, concrete, or metal. [4] Modern versions of this type of structure include glazed metal-framed systems referred to as "transparent shells." [5]