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An option ROM for the PC platform (i.e. the IBM PC and derived successor computer systems) is a piece of firmware that resides in ROM on an expansion card (or stored along with the main system BIOS), which gets executed to initialize the device and (optionally) add support for the device to the BIOS.
A fan controller with LEDs indicating fan status and potentiometers and switches to control fan speeds. Another method, popular with PC hardware enthusiasts, is the manual fan speed controller. They can be mounted in an expansion slot or a 5.25" or 3.5" drive bay or come built into a computer's case. Using switches or knobs, attached fans can ...
SpeedFan is a system monitor for Microsoft Windows that can read temperatures, voltages and fan speeds of computer components. [3] It can change computer fan speeds depending on the temperature of various components. [1] [4] The program can display system variables as charts and as an indicator in the system tray.
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) is an open standard that operating systems can use to discover and configure computer hardware components, to perform power management (e.g. putting unused hardware components to sleep), auto configuration (e.g. Plug and Play and hot swapping), and status monitoring.
[citation needed] Most of the time memory modules, located close to CPU will receive enough of the air flow from the case or CPU fan, even if the air from CPU fan and radiator is warm. If the main CPU is water cooled, this small amount of airflow might be missing, and additional care about some airflow in a case or a dedicated memory cooling is ...
There are a number of other companies (AMD, Microchip, Altera, etc.) making specialized chipsets as part of other ICs, and they are not often found in PC hardware (laptop, desktop or server). There are also a number of now defunct companies (like 3com, DEC, SGI) that produced network related chipsets for us in general computers.
Starting with ME 11 (introduced in Skylake CPUs), it is based on the Intel Quark x86-based 32-bit CPU and runs the MINIX 3 operating system. [12] The ME firmware is stored in a partition of the SPI BIOS Flash, using the Embedded Flash File System (EFFS). [13] Previous versions were based on an ARC core, with the Management Engine running the ...
Rca (°C/W) = Thermal resistance of the Heat sink, between the case of the CPU and the ambient air. Tc = Maximum allowed temperature of the CPU's case (ensuring full performances). Ta = Maximum expected ambient temperature at the inlet of the Heat sink fan. All these parameters are linked together by the following equation: