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Hypergammaglobulinemia is a condition that is characterized by the increased levels of a certain immunoglobulin in the blood serum. [1] The name of the disorder refers to an excess of proteins after serum protein electrophoresis (found in the gammaglobulin region). [citation needed]
In the same study, it showed that Bg7S is the protein globulin that is soluble in certain high ionic strength of a salt solution that should have a high isoelectric point as well which should be around 9.05 to 9.26 pI. This type of globulin is found in many different plants such as tomatoes, corn, wheat, and carrots.
Cold insoluble globulin forms a band here which is not seen in plasma because it is precipitated by heparin. There are low levels in inflammation and high levels in pregnancy. [citation needed] Beta lipoprotein forms an irregular crenated band in this zone.
α 2-Macroglobulin levels are increased when the serum albumin levels are low, [18] which is most commonly seen in nephrotic syndrome, a condition wherein the kidneys start to leak out some of the smaller blood proteins. Because of its size, α 2-macroglobulin is retained in the bloodstream.
Serum total protein, also known as total protein, is a clinical chemistry parameter representing the concentration of protein in serum. [1] Serum contains many proteins including serum albumin, a variety of globulins, and many others.
Hyperproteinemia is the state of having overly high levels of protein in the blood. This can occur due to monoclonal gammopathies such as multiple myeloma and after intravenous immunoglobulin has been given. [1] It can result in a falsely low appearing sodium level (hyponatremia). [1]
Separating serum proteins by electrophoresis is a valuable diagnostic tool, as well as a way to monitor clinical progress.Current research regarding blood plasma proteins is centered on performing proteomics analyses of serum/plasma in the search for biomarkers.
The high prevalence of IgA in mucosal areas is a result of a cooperation between plasma cells that produce polymeric IgA (pIgA), and mucosal epithelial cells that express polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR). [15] Polymeric IgA (mainly the secretory dimer) is produced by plasma cells in the lamina propria adjacent to mucosal surfaces.