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Because of the pressures associated with the 5.56×45mm, it is not advisable to fire 5.56×45mm rounds in an AR-15 marked as .223 Remington, since this can result in damage to the rifle or injury to the shooter. [1] The AR-15 can be chambered in many other calibers; it is then often referred to as an AR-15 style rifle.
Common rifle cartridges, from the largest .50 BMG to the smallest .22 Long Rifle with a $1 United States dollar bill in the background as a reference point.. This is a table of selected pistol/submachine gun and rifle/machine gun cartridges by common name.
The AR-15 is nominally chambered in .223 Remington or 5.56×45mm NATO, with the .223 Wylde chamber allowing for the safe chambering of both, but many variants have been produced in different calibers such as .22 LR (sometimes referred to as an AR-22 [59]), 7.62×39mm, 9×19mm Parabellum, [60] 6.5mm Grendel, and shotgun calibers. [61]
The AR-15 uses an L-type flip, aperture rear sight and it is adjustable with two settings, 0 to 300 meters and 300 to 400 meters. [16] The front sight is a post adjustable for elevation. The rear sight can be adjusted for windage. The sights can be adjusted with a bullet tip or pointed tool. The AR-15 can also mount a scope on the carrying handle.
The AR-15 was first revealed by Eugene Stoner at Fort Benning in May 1957. [52] The AR-15 used .22-caliber bullets, which destabilized when they hit a human body, as opposed to the .30 round, which typically passed through in a straight line.
The 56–52, the most common of the new calibers, used a 50-cal bullet. Other black powder-era cartridges used naming schemes that appeared similar, but measured entirely different characteristics; 45-70 , 44-40 , and 32-20 were designated by bullet diameter to hundredths of an inch and standard black powder charge in grains .
The ArmaLite AR-15, officially designated Rifle, caliber 5.56 mm, M16, was later adopted by U.S. infantry forces as the standard-issue rifle. [5] [10] Here is a table comparing rifles based on a maximum ammunition load in box magazines of 10 kg (22 lb).
The ArmaLite AR-15 was designed to be a lightweight rifle and to fire a new high-velocity, lightweight, small-caliber cartridge to allow infantrymen to carry more ammunition. [ 11 ] In 1959, ArmaLite sold its rights to the AR-15 to Colt due to financial difficulties and limitations in terms of manpower and production capacity. [ 1 ]