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Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a geophysical method that uses radar pulses to image the subsurface. It is a non-intrusive method of surveying the sub-surface to investigate underground utilities such as concrete, asphalt, metals, pipes, cables or masonry. [ 1 ]
The Radar Imager for Mars' subsurface experiment (RIMFAX) is a ground-penetrating radar on NASA's Perseverance rover, part of the Mars 2020 mission. It uses radar waves to see geologic features under the surface. The device can make detections dozens of meters/yards underneath ground, such as for buried sand dunes or lava feature. [1]
The depth range of GPR is limited by the electrical conductivity of the ground, the transmitted frequency range and the radiated power. [ 2 ] Unlike metal detectors, which can only detect specific materials, ground penetrating radar images the entirety of the subsurface within range.
The Ground/Air Task Oriented Radar (G/ATOR) is a single material solution for the mobile Multi-Role Radar System and Ground Weapons Locating Radar (GWLR) requirements. It is a three-dimensional, short/medium-range multi-role radar designed to detect unmanned aerial systems, cruise missiles, air-breathing targets, rockets, artillery, and mortars.
The C-Band Radar Transponder (Model SST-135C) is intended to increase the range and accuracy of the radar ground stations equipped with AN/FPS-16, and AN/FPQ-6 Radar Systems. C-band radar stations at the Kennedy Space Center, along the Atlantic Missile Range, and at many other locations around the world, provide global tracking capabilities.
AN/CPS-4 Radar; AN/CPS-6 Radar; AN/FPQ-6; AN/FPS-4 radar; AN/FPS-5 Radar; AN/FPS-6 Radar; AN/FPS-7 Radar; AN/FPS-8 Radar; AN/FPS-14 Radar; AN/FPS-16 Instrumentation Radar; AN/FPS-17; AN/FPS-18 Radar; AN/FPS-19; AN/FPS-20 Early Warning Radar; AN/FPS-23; AN/FPS-24 radar; AN/FPS-26 Radar; AN/FPS-27; AN/FPS-30; AN/FPS-35; AN/FPS-117; AN/FPS-124; AN ...
WISDOM (Water Ice and Subsurface Deposit Observation on Mars) is a ground-penetrating radar that is part of the science payload on board the European Space Agency 's Rosalind Franklin rover, [2] tasked to search for biosignatures and biomarkers on Mars. The rover is planned to be launched not earlier than 2028 and land on Mars in 2029.
A simple calculation reveals that a radar echo will take approximately 10.8 μs to return from a target 1 statute mile away (counting from the leading edge of the transmitter pulse (T 0), (sometimes known as transmitter main bang)). For convenience, these figures may also be expressed as 1 nautical mile in 12.4 μs or 1 kilometre in 6.7 μs.