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Australia maintains a list of skilled occupations that are currently acceptable for immigration to Australia. [52] In 2009, following the global financial crisis, the Australian government reduced its immigration target by 14%, and the permanent migration program for skilled migrants was reduced to 115,000 people for that financial year. [53]
Australia has one of the highest amounts of foreign-born residents in the world (both in total numbers, and per capita), as well as one of the highest immigration rates in the world. Immigrants account for 30% of the population, the highest proportion among major Western nations. [2] [3]
These are lists of countries by foreign-born population and lists of countries by number native-born persons living in a foreign country (emigrants).. According to the United Nations, in 2019, the United States, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Russia and France had the largest number of immigrants of any country, while Tuvalu, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, and Tokelau had the lowest.
An excess of people entering a country is referred to as net immigration (e.g., 3.56 migrants/1,000 population). An excess of people leaving a country is referred to as net emigration (e.g., -9.26 migrants/1,000 population). The net migration rate indicates the contribution of migration to the overall level of population change.
The table above does not include the years 2011 and 2012. The number of "immigrant" visas available each year is set by Congress. Nationals of countries that do not historically send many immigrants to the United States are eligible to apply for the Diversity Visa Lottery. [121]
In 2018, 54% of Australians say that ‘the total number of migrants coming to Australia each year is too high’. A minority say it's ‘too low’ (14%). These results represent a significant rise in opposition to the existing migration rate – up 14 points since last year, and up 17 points since we first asked this question in 2014. [ 25 ]
As of 30 June 2010, DIAC estimated that the number of visa overstayers in Australia was around 53,900, or 0.2 per cent of the Australian population. [3] In 2018, it was reported more than 60,000 foreigners are living illegally in Australia, [4] and by 2021 it was reported that increased to more than 100,000. [5]
Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Year Book Australia, 2009–10; Australian population: ethnic origins (DOC) Build Australian population graph 1960 – 2013 (World Bank data) Build Australian population projection graph till 2100 (United Nation data) Build Australian life expectancy at birth graph 1950 – 2013 (United Nation data)