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Ecclesiastical polity is the government of a church. There are local (congregational) forms of organization as well as denominational. A church's polity may describe its ministerial offices or an authority structure between churches. Polity relates closely to ecclesiology, the theological study of the church.
"Scripture [...] sets before us Christ alone as mediator, atoning sacrifice, high priest, and intercessor."—Augsburg Confession Art. XXI. [1]. The priesthood of all believers is either the general Christian belief that all Christians form a common priesthood, or, alternatively, the specific Protestant belief that this universal priesthood precludes the ministerial priesthood (holy orders ...
Jesus entered the temple courts, and, while he was teaching, the chief priests and the elders of the people came to him. "By what authority are you doing these things?" they asked. "And who gave you this authority?" Jesus replied, "I will also ask you one question. If you answer me, I will tell you by what authority I am doing these things.
Presbyterian (or presbyteral) polity is a method of church governance ("ecclesiastical polity") typified by the rule of assemblies of presbyters, or elders.Each local church is governed by a body of elected elders usually called the session (or consistory), though other terms, such as church board, may apply.
Deuteronomy 21:5 says of the priests that "according to their word shall every controversy and every stroke be". Deuteronomy 17:9 provides for the referral of a particularly difficult legal case to "the Levite priests, or the judge who will be present in those days". In Deuteronomy 31:9 the priests are entrusted with care of the Torah scroll.
Congregationalism is a Protestant tradition with roots in the Puritan and Independent movements. In congregational government, the covenanted congregation exists prior to its officers, [3] and as such the members are equipped to call and dismiss their ministers without oversight from any higher ecclesiastical body.
The Pentateuch or Torah (the Greek and Hebrew terms, respectively, for the Bible's books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy) describe the prehistory of the Israelites from the creation of the world, through the earliest biblical patriarchs and their wanderings, to the Exodus from Egypt and the encounter with God in the wilderness.
In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads: And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together, he demanded of them where Christ should be born. The World English Bible translates the passage as: Gathering together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he asked them where the Christ would be ...
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