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Chinese art : a guide to motifs and visual imagery. Boston, US: Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4629-0689-5. OCLC 893707208. Williams, Charles (2006). Chinese symbolism and art motifs : a comprehensive handbook on symbolism in Chinese art through the ages. New York: Tuttle Pub. ISBN 978-1-4629-0314-6. OCLC 782879753
Chinese jade refers to the jade mined or carved in China from the Neolithic onward. It is the primary hardstone of Chinese sculpture . Although deep and bright green jadeite is better known in Europe, for most of China's history, jade has come in a variety of colors and white "mutton-fat" nephrite was the most highly praised and prized.
A bi is a flat jade disc with a circular hole in the centre. Neolithic bi are undecorated, while those of later periods of China, like the Zhou dynasty, bear increasingly ornate surface carving (particularly in a hexagonal pattern) whose motifs represented deities associated with the sky (four directions) as well as standing for qualities and powers the wearer wanted to invoke or embody.
Chinese Jade ornament with flower design, Jin dynasty (1115–1234 AD), Shanghai Museum.. The arts of China (simplified Chinese: 中国艺术; traditional Chinese: 中國藝術) have varied throughout its ancient history, divided into periods by the ruling dynasties of China and changing technology, but still containing a high degree of continuity.
Jade culture is an important aspect of Chinese culture, [3] reflecting both the material and spiritual culture of the Chinese people. [4]: 18 Jade is deeply ingrained in Chinese culture and played a role in every aspect of social life; [4]: 18 it is also associated with positive qualities and aspects such as purity, excellence, and harmony.
Chinese knotting (中國結) is a decorative handicraft art that began as a form of Chinese folk art in the Tang and Song dynasty [1] (AD 960–1279) in China. It was later popularized in the Ming. The art is also referred to as Chinese traditional decorative knots. [2] One of the more traditional art forms, it creates decorative knot patterns.
The Twelve Ornaments (Chinese: 十二章; pinyin: Shí'èr zhāng) are a group of ancient Chinese symbols and designs that are considered highly auspicious. They were employed in the decoration of textile fabrics in ancient China, which signified authority and power, and were embroidered on vestments of state.
The eight treasures on a Chinese amulet.. The Eight Treasures (simplified Chinese: 八宝; traditional Chinese: 八 寶; pinyin: Bābǎo), also known as the Eight Precious Things, [1] are popular symbols often depicted in Chinese art and on Chinese numismatic charms.