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Cache hierarchy, or multi-level cache, is a memory architecture that uses a hierarchy of memory stores based on varying access speeds to cache data. Highly requested data is cached in high-speed access memory stores, allowing swifter access by central processing unit (CPU) cores.
To illustrate both specialization and multi-level caching, here is the cache hierarchy of the K8 core in the AMD Athlon 64 CPU. [59] Cache hierarchy of the K8 core in the AMD Athlon 64 CPU. The K8 has four specialized caches: an instruction cache, an instruction TLB, a data TLB, and a data cache. Each of these caches is specialized:
AMD K6-2 – an improved K6 with the addition of the 3DNow! SIMD instructions. AMD K6-III Sharptooth – a further improved K6 with three levels of cache – 64 KB L1, 256 KB full-speed on-die L2, and a variable (up to 2 MB) L3. AMD K7 Athlon – microarchitecture of the AMD Athlon classic and Athlon XP microprocessors. Was a very advanced ...
In computing, Machine Check Architecture (MCA) is an Intel and AMD mechanism in which the CPU reports hardware errors to the operating system.. Intel's P6 and Pentium 4 family processors, AMD's K7 and K8 family processors, as well as the Itanium architecture implement a machine check architecture that provides a mechanism for detecting and reporting hardware (machine) errors, such as: system ...
The TLB is a cache of the page table, representing only a subset of the page-table contents. Referencing the physical memory addresses, a TLB may reside between the CPU and the CPU cache, between the CPU cache and primary storage memory, or between levels of a multi-level cache. The placement determines whether the cache uses physical or ...
A browser's cache stores temporary website files which allows the site to load faster in future sessions. This data will be recreated every time you visit the webpage, though at times it can become corrupted. Clearing the cache deletes these files and fixes problems like outdated pages, websites freezing, and pages not loading or being ...
Cache hits are the number of accesses to the cache that actually find that data in the cache, and cache misses are those accesses that don't find the block in the cache. These cache hits and misses contribute to the term average access time (AAT) also known as AMAT ( average memory access time ), which, as the name suggests, is the average time ...
The Navi GPUs are the first AMD GPUs to use the new RDNA architecture, [6] whose compute units have been redesigned to improve efficiency and instructions per clock (IPC). It features a multi-level cache hierarchy, which offers higher performance, lower latency, and less power consumption compared to the previous series.