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The Pancharatna kritis were written in praise of the Hindu deity Rama.They are set to Adi Tala and each raga represents the mood of the song and the meaning of its lyrics. All the kritis were composed in the style of a Ragam Tanam Pallavi (RTP) with the charanams (stanzas) substituting for the kalpana swaras (improvisatory passages) in the pallavi section of the RTP.
He was a prolific composer and highly influential in the development of the South Indian classical music tradition. Tyagaraja is said to have composed thousands of devotional compositions, most of them in praise of Lord Rama ; some of which remain very popular even today.
In this song, Tyagaraja lovingly criticizes Krishna for his cleverness in getting what he wants to be done. The fourth kriti, Kana Kana Ruchira is in the raga Varaali set to adi talam. It is composed in Telugu. In this song, Tyagaraja describes the infinite beauty of Rama. The fifth Pancharatna kriti is the Endaro Mahanubhavulu in the sri raga.
Here are some popular kritis composed in this rāgam. The second Pancharatna Kriti, Duduku gala, composed by Tyagaraja, the second of the 5 gems; Sri Mahaganapatir avatumam and Tyagaraja palayasumam by Muthuswami Dikshitar; Kaama Janaka by Maharaja Swathi Thirunal; Pranamamyaham by Mysore Vasudevachar
The performance conjured images of mighty musicians and artists in Tyagaraja's mind. That very moment the words of the renown song 'Endaro Mahanubhavulu' flowed from his lips. [9] The song was a dedication to all the great maestros and performers. In this poem, Tyagaraja describes the greatness of devotees through the ages. [10]
Most famous of the trinity, composed many kritis on lord Rama, and also a few group kritis at temples for Shiva and Parvati. He composed the famous ghanaraga pancharatna kritis, and was famous for the use of ragas such as Kharaharapriya and Ritigowla. Muthuswami Dikshitar: 1775–1835: Sanskrit: Guruguha: 400
Before 1941, the three separate events had all been in the nature of music festivals, with no restriction regarding which of Thyagaraja's songs could be performed. It was only in 1941, when the three events were merged into one, that the convention of group singing of the five pancharatna kritis was decided upon.
There is a raaga named Nata in Hindusthani music as well, and another raaga named Shuddha Nat. But they are sung rarely, and have no association with the Nattai of Carnatic Music. [ 3 ] The closest comparable raga to be the Hindustani equivalent of Carnatic Nattai, is the Raga " Jog ", which is believed to be a derivative of the Kafi Thaat .