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In mass spectrometry, fragmentation is the dissociation of energetically unstable molecular ions formed from passing the molecules mass spectrum.These reactions are well documented over the decades and fragmentation patterns are useful to determine the molar weight and structural information of unknown molecules.
Mass spectral interpretation is the method employed to identify the chemical formula, characteristic fragment patterns and possible fragment ions from the mass spectra. [1] [2] Mass spectra is a plot of relative abundance against mass-to-charge ratio. It is commonly used for the identification of organic compounds from electron ionization mass ...
Molecular fragmentation (mass spectrometry), or molecular dissociation, occurs both in nature and in experiments. It occurs when a complete molecule is rendered into smaller fragments by some energy source, usually ionizing radiation. The resulting fragments can be far more chemically reactive than the original molecule, as in radiation therapy ...
Tandem mass spectrometry purposely produces fragment ions post-source and can drastically change the sort of data achieved by an experiment. Knowledge of the origin of a sample can provide insight into the component molecules of the sample and their fragmentations.
Electron-capture dissociation (ECD) was developed in 1998 to fragment large proteins for mass spectrometric analysis. [7] Because ECD requires a large amount of near-thermal electrons (<0.2eV), originally it was used exclusively with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR), the most expensive form of MS instrumentation. [8]
A mass spectrum is a histogram plot of intensity vs. mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) in a chemical sample, [1] usually acquired using an instrument called a mass spectrometer. Not all mass spectra of a given substance are the same; for example, some mass spectrometers break the analyte molecules into fragments ; others observe the intact molecular ...
Collision cell from a Waters Xevo TQ-S triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Collision-induced dissociation (CID), also known as collisionally activated dissociation (CAD), is a mass spectrometry technique to induce fragmentation of selected ions in the gas phase.
In ECD, unique fragments (and complementary to CID) are observed, [14] and the ability to fragment whole macromolecules effectively has been promising. Although ECD is primarily used in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, [15] investigators have indicated that it has been successfully used in an ion-trap mass spectrometer.
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