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The Parthenon (/ ˈ p ɑːr θ ə ˌ n ɒ n,-n ən /; Ancient Greek: Παρθενών, romanized: Parthenōn [par.tʰe.nɔ̌ːn]; Greek: Παρθενώνας, romanized: Parthenónas [parθeˈnonas]) is a former temple [6] [7] on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, that was dedicated to the goddess Athena.
The Temple of Athena Nike was finished around 420 BC, [5] during the Peace of Nicias. It is a tetrastyle (four column ) Ionic structure with a colonnaded portico at both front and rear facades ( amphiprostyle ), designed by the architect Kallikrates .
Plan of the Temple of Athena of Syracuse. The Athenaio was a peripteral temple with six columns on the short sides and fourteen on the long sides. On the front, the intercolumniation at either edge was reduced, the canonical solution to issues of perspective. In total, the building was 22 metres wide and 55 metres long.
It was a rectangle layout with 11 columns in length and 6 columns in width on the boundary. [11] The parallel temple walls were 100 attic feet long and 32 attic feet between them. [25] The temple cella was enclosed by a western wall, created an "opisthodomos" at the west, and eastern door, which separates the cella and the near square "Pronaos ...
Northeast view of the Temple of Athena Nike, an amphiprostyle temple. Plan of the temple at Jebel Khalid. In classical architecture, amphiprostyle (from the Greek ἀμφί (amphi), on both sides, and πρόστυλος (prostylos), a portico) denotes an ancient temple with a portico both at the front and the rear, [1] where the columns on the narrow sides are not between antae. [2]
Dörpfeld Foundations Temple, south of the Erechtheion. Prior to the archaeological discoveries of the late 19th century, the existence of the archaic temple on the acropolis was known only from literary testimonia, and the few remains from the archaic buildings which have been visible continuously from antiquity to the present day—namely, the unfinished marble column drums and the poros ...
The Erechtheion [2] (/ ɪ ˈ r ɛ k θ i ə n /, latinized as Erechtheum / ɪ ˈ r ɛ k θ i ə m, ˌ ɛ r ɪ k ˈ θ iː ə m /; Ancient Greek: Ἐρέχθειον, Greek: Ερέχθειο) or Temple of Athena Polias [3] is an ancient Greek Ionic temple on the north side of the Acropolis, Athens, which was primarily dedicated to the goddess Athena.
The entrance to the Acropolis was a monumental gateway termed the Propylaea. To the south of the entrance is the tiny Temple of Athena Nike. At the centre of the Acropolis is the Parthenon or Temple of Athena Parthenos (Athena the Virgin). East of the entrance and north of the Parthenon is the temple known as the Erechtheum.