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Hydrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the lightest element and, at standard conditions, is a gas of diatomic molecules with the formula H 2, sometimes called dihydrogen, [11] hydrogen gas, molecular hydrogen, or simply hydrogen. It is colorless, odorless, [12] non-toxic, and highly combustible.
2016 – Toyota releases its first hydrogen fuel cell car, the Mirai. 2017 – Hydrogen Council is formed to expedite development and commercialization of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. EMEC produces world's first tidal-powered hydrogen in Orkney, Scotland.
Hydrogen gas is produced by several industrial methods. [1] Nearly all of the world's current supply of hydrogen is created from fossil fuels. [2] [3] Most hydrogen is gray hydrogen made through steam methane reforming. In this process, hydrogen is produced from a chemical reaction between steam and methane, the main component of natural gas.
Natural hydrogen (known as white hydrogen, geologic hydrogen, [1] geogenic hydrogen, [2] or gold hydrogen) is molecular hydrogen present on Earth that is formed by natural processes [3] [4] (as opposed to hydrogen produced in a laboratory or in industry).
This first process, Big Bang nucleosynthesis, was the first type of nucleogenesis to occur in the universe, creating the so-called primordial elements. A star formed in the early universe produces heavier elements by combining its lighter nuclei – hydrogen , helium , lithium, beryllium , and boron – which were found in the initial ...
Once it was cool enough, the neutrons quickly bound with an equal number of protons to form first deuterium, then helium-4. Helium-4 is very stable and is nearly the end of this chain if it runs for only a short time, since helium neither decays nor combines easily to form heavier nuclei (since there are no stable nuclei with mass numbers of 5 ...
At around 100,000 years, after the neutral helium atoms form, helium hydride is the first molecule. Much later, hydrogen and helium hydride react to form molecular hydrogen (H 2), the fuel needed for the first stars. At about 370,000 years, neutral hydrogen atoms finish forming ("recombination"), greatly reducing the Thomson scattering of photons.
Depiction of a hydrogen atom showing the diameter as about twice the Bohr model radius. (Image not to scale) A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen.The electrically neutral hydrogen atom contains a single positively charged proton in the nucleus, and a single negatively charged electron bound to the nucleus by the Coulomb force.