Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Valine (symbol Val or V) [4] is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH 3 + form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO − form under biological conditions), and a side chain isopropyl group, making it a non-polar aliphatic amino acid.
Polar chemical groups, such as OH group in methanol do not cause the hydrophobic effect. However, a pure hydrocarbon molecule, for example hexane , cannot accept or donate hydrogen bonds to water. Introduction of hexane into water causes disruption of the hydrogen bonding network between water molecules.
The compound is a structural analog of valeric acid and also an isomer of the more common amino acid valine. [2] Like most other α-amino acids , norvaline is chiral . It is a white, water-soluble solid.
Vitamin B 12 is a coordination complex of cobalt, which occupies the center of a corrin ligand and is further bound to a benzimidazole ligand and adenosyl group. [18] Several related species are known and these behave similarly, in particular, all function as vitamins. This collection of compounds is sometimes referred to as "cobalamins".
[43] [44] Further chemical characterization of vitamin H revealed that it was water-soluble and present in high amounts in the liver. [45] After experiments performed with yeast and Rhizobium trifolii , West and Wilson isolated a compound they called co-enzyme R. [ 46 ] [ 47 ] By 1940, it was recognized that all three compounds were identical ...
Water-soluble vitamins dissolve easily in water and, in general, are readily excreted from the body, to the degree that urinary output is a strong predictor of vitamin consumption. [47] Because they are not as readily stored, more consistent intake is important. [48] Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract with the ...
In the case of most saponins, one of these substituents is a sugar, so the compound is a glycoside of the base molecule. [ 1 ] More specifically, the lipophilic base structure of a saponin can be a triterpene, a steroid (such as spirostanol or furostanol) or a steroidal alkaloid (in which nitrogen atoms replace one or more carbon atoms).
Membrane lipids are a group of compounds (structurally similar to fats and oils) which form the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The three major classes of membrane lipids are phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol. Lipids are amphiphilic: they have one end that is soluble in water ('polar') and an ending that is soluble in fat ...