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  2. Maximum and minimum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_and_minimum

    The definition of global minimum point also proceeds similarly. If the domain X is a metric space, then f is said to have a local (or relative) maximum point at the point x ∗, if there exists some ε > 0 such that f(x ∗) ≥ f(x) for all x in X within distance ε of x ∗.

  3. Saddle point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saddle_point

    A saddle point (in red) on the graph of z = x 2 − y 2 (hyperbolic paraboloid). In mathematics, a saddle point or minimax point [1] is a point on the surface of the graph of a function where the slopes (derivatives) in orthogonal directions are all zero (a critical point), but which is not a local extremum of the function. [2]

  4. Periodic annual increment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_annual_increment

    The maximum point on the curve of PAI is the same as the inflection point on a graph of yield versus time. The inflection point is the point corresponding to the fastest change in yield. When mean annual increment (MAI) and periodic annual increment (PAI) are graphed together, the point in which they intersect is called the biological rotation ...

  5. Principal curvature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_curvature

    This curve will in general have different curvatures for different normal planes at p. The principal curvatures at p, denoted k 1 and k 2, are the maximum and minimum values of this curvature. Here the curvature of a curve is by definition the reciprocal of the radius of the osculating circle. The curvature is taken to be positive if the curve ...

  6. Fermat's theorem (stationary points) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat's_theorem...

    Fermat's theorem gives only a necessary condition for extreme function values, as some stationary points are inflection points (not a maximum or minimum). The function's second derivative , if it exists, can sometimes be used to determine whether a stationary point is a maximum or minimum.

  7. Curvature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curvature

    For curves, the canonical example is that of a circle, which has a curvature equal to the reciprocal of its radius. Smaller circles bend more sharply, and hence have higher curvature. The curvature at a point of a differentiable curve is the curvature of its osculating circle — that is, the circle that best approximates the curve near this ...

  8. Radius of curvature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius_of_curvature

    For a curve, it equals the radius of the circular arc which best approximates the curve at that point. For surfaces, the radius of curvature is the radius of a circle that best fits a normal section or combinations thereof. [1] [2] [3]

  9. Stationary point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stationary_point

    A turning point of a differentiable function is a point at which the derivative has an isolated zero and changes sign at the point. [2] A turning point may be either a relative maximum or a relative minimum (also known as local minimum and maximum). A turning point is thus a stationary point, but not all stationary points are turning points.