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  2. Selection limits - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_limits

    The existence of limits in artificial selection experiments was discussed in the scientific literature in the 1940s or earlier. [1] The most obvious possible cause of reaching a limit (or plateau) when a population is under continued directional selection is that all of the additive-genetic variation (see additive genetic effects) related to that trait gets "used up" or fixed. [2]

  3. Breeding back - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breeding_back

    Heck cattle were bred in the 1920s to resemble the aurochs.. Breeding back is a form of artificial selection by the deliberate selective breeding of domestic (but not exclusively) animals, in an attempt to achieve an animal breed with a phenotype that resembles a wild type ancestor, usually one that has gone extinct.

  4. Selective breeding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_breeding

    Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.

  5. Index selection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_selection

    Therefore, only those with the highest index score are selected for breeding via artificial selection. This method has advantages over other methods of artificial selection, such as tandem selection, in that you can select for traits simultaneously rather than sequentially. Thereby, no useful traits are being excluded from selection at any one ...

  6. Wild ancestor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_ancestor

    The red junglefowl (Gallus gallus), often believed to be an ancestor of the domestic chicken.. Most animals are tuned to modern life by artificial selection. This is either due to the pressure of early hunter-gatherers' attempts to stabilise the food supply, which resulted in the existence of domesticated farm animals, or domestication of pets which are useful to humans. [2]

  7. Tryon's Rat Experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryon's_Rat_Experiment

    Tryon then mated the “bright” males with “bright” females, and “dull” males with “dull” females. After their children matured, Tryon repeated the maze test with them, and again separated the “bright” and the “dull”, again breeding “bright” with “bright” and “dull” with “dull”.

  8. Dog breed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_breed

    Dogs are the most variable mammal on Earth, with artificial selection producing upward of 360 globally recognized breeds. [1] These breeds possess distinct traits related to morphology, which include body size and shape, tail phenotype, fur type, etc, but are only one species of dog. Their behavioral traits include guarding, herding, and ...

  9. Genetic engineering techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering_techniques

    Human-directed genetic manipulation began with the domestication of plants and animals through artificial selection in about 12,000 BC. [1]: 1 Various techniques were developed to aid in breeding and selection. Hybridization was one way rapid changes in an organism's genetic makeup could be introduced. Crop hybridization most likely first ...

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