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An oxygen sensor (or lambda sensor, where lambda refers to air–fuel equivalence ratio, usually denoted by λ) or probe or sond, is an electronic device that measures the proportion of oxygen (O 2) in the gas or liquid being analyzed. [1] It was developed by Robert Bosch GmbH during the late 1960s under the supervision of Günter Bauman. [1]
Formerly known as NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd., the company’s automotive business (with its brands NGK Ignition Parts and NTK Vehicle Electronics) revolves around the manufacturing and the sale of spark plugs and related products for internal combustion engines, as well as vehicle electronics and ceramics for a wide range of applications in the ...
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Because the value from a given sensor is always stored at the same location in RAM, these sensor values can be read if the memory location is known. The 14CUX is capable of storing diagnostic trouble codes in a 32-byte segment of its internal memory that is maintained (even while vehicle ignition is off) by applying 5VDC ( regulated down from ...
Engineers build hyperspectral sensors and processing systems for applications in astronomy, agriculture, molecular biology, biomedical imaging, geosciences, physics, and surveillance. Hyperspectral sensors look at objects using a vast portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Certain objects leave unique "fingerprints" in the electromagnetic ...
A lambda diode is an electronic circuit that combines a complementary pair of junction gated field effect transistors into a two-terminal device that exhibits an area of differential negative resistance much like a tunnel diode. The term refers to the shape of the V–I curve of the device, which resembles the Greek letter λ (lambda).
"Complex Permittivity determination from Propagation Constant measurements" (PDF). IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Letters. 9 (2): 76– 78. doi:10.1109/75.755052 Free PDF download is available. There is an updated version dated August 6, 2002.
MAF sensor in a 2006-2015 automotive diesel engine. A mass (air) flow sensor (MAF) is a sensor used to determine the mass flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine. The air mass information is necessary for the engine control unit (ECU) to balance and deliver the correct fuel mass to the engine. Air changes its ...