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The Kurds are the largest ethnic minority in Turkey.According to various estimates, they compose between 15% and 20% of the population of Turkey. [4] [5] [6] There are Kurds living in various provinces of Turkey, but they are primarily concentrated in the east and southeast of the country within the region viewed by Kurds as Turkish Kurdistan.
The earliest immigrants were Kurds from Turkey, who settled in Germany, Austria, the Benelux countries, the United Kingdom, Switzerland and France during the 1960s. Successive periods of political and social turmoil in the region during the 1980s and 1990s brought new waves of Kurdish refugees, mostly from Iran and Iraq under Saddam Hussein ...
Kurdish sources put the figure at 10 [12] to 15 million Kurds in Turkey. [13] Kurds mostly live in Northern Kurdistan, in Southeastern and Eastern Anatolia. But large Kurdish populations can be found in western Turkey due to internal migration. According to Rüstem Erkan, Istanbul is the province with the largest Kurdish population in Turkey. [14]
Turkish Kurdistan or Northern Kurdistan (Kurdish: Bakurê Kurdistanê) is the southeastern part of Turkey [1] where Kurds form the predominant ethnic group.The Kurdish Institute of Paris estimates that there are 20 million Kurds living in Turkey, the majority of them in the southeast.
A recent study estimates that there are 2,708,000 marriages between Turks and Kurds. [36] According to a survey done in March 2020 by Area Araştırma, 20.4% of the total population of Turkey claim to be Kurdish (either Kurmanji speaking or Zazaki speaking). Ethnolinguistic estimates in 2014 by Ethnologue and Jacques Leclerc: [37] [38] [39]
The Sheikh Said rebellion was the first large scale rebellion of the Kurdish race movement in Turkey. The main organizer of this rebellion was the Kurdish Independent Society, Azadî. Azadi's intention was to liberate Kurds from Turkish oppression and thus deliver freedom and further, develop their country.
Much anti-Kurdish sentiment is a result of ultra-nationalist ideologies promoted by the states which preserve a significant Kurdish population. In Turkey, Kurdish identity was officially denied by the state, [2] which sought to Turkify the Kurds in Turkey. Kurdish language and identity are not recognised in the constitution.
Kurdistan (Kurdish: کوردستان, romanized: Kurdistan, lit. ' land of the Kurds '; [ˌkʊɾdɪˈstɑːn] ⓘ), [5] or Greater Kurdistan, [6] [7] is a roughly defined geo-cultural region in West Asia wherein the Kurds form a prominent majority population [8] and the Kurdish culture, languages, and national identity have historically been based. [9]