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Top-down parsing is a strategy of analyzing unknown data relationships by hypothesizing general parse tree structures and then considering whether the known fundamental structures are compatible with the hypothesis. It occurs in the analysis of both natural languages and computer languages. Top-down parsing can be viewed as an attempt to find ...
In computer science, an operator-precedence parser is a bottom-up parser that interprets an operator-precedence grammar.For example, most calculators use operator-precedence parsers to convert from the human-readable infix notation relying on order of operations to a format that is optimized for evaluation such as Reverse Polish notation (RPN).
Earley's algorithm is a top-down dynamic programming algorithm. In the following, we use Earley's dot notation: given a production X → αβ, the notation X → α • β represents a condition in which α has already been parsed and β is expected.
In computer science, a recursive descent parser is a kind of top-down parser built from a set of mutually recursive procedures (or a non-recursive equivalent) where each such procedure implements one of the nonterminals of the grammar. Thus the structure of the resulting program closely mirrors that of the grammar it recognizes. [1] [2]
Top-down parsers build the parts of Parse_Tree_Example.svg in the top-down steps numbered here. Used in Bottom-up Parsing. Source Manually drawn by me with Google Docs Date 2012/04/16 Author DBSand. Permission (Reusing this file) See below.
The parsing table instructs it to apply rule (1) from the grammar and write the rule number 1 to the output stream. The stack becomes: [ F, +, F, ), $] The parser now has an 'a' on its input stream and an 'F' as its stack top. The parsing table instructs it to apply rule (3) from the grammar and write the rule number 3 to the output stream.
Exhaustive search of the possible edges in the dependency tree, with backtracking in the case an ill-formed tree is created, gives the baseline () runtime for graph-based dependency parsing. This approach was first formally described by Michael A. Covington in 2001, but he claimed that it was "an algorithm that has been known, in some form ...
Initial trees represent basic valency relations, while auxiliary trees allow for recursion. [6] Auxiliary trees have the root (top) node and foot node labeled with the same symbol. A derivation starts with an initial tree, combining via either substitution or adjunction. Substitution replaces a frontier node with another tree whose top node has ...