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The type species is the common quail (Coturnix coturnix). [2] [3] The genus name is the Latin for the common quail. [4] The genus contains six species, of which one, the New Zealand quail (Coturnix novaezelandiae), is now extinct but was described from a living specimen. [5]
The king quail, an Old World quail, often is sold in the pet trade, and within this trade is commonly, though mistakenly, referred to as a "button quail". Many of the common larger species are farm-raised for table food or egg consumption , and are hunted on game farms or in the wild, where they may be released to supplement the wild population ...
The specific epithet coturnix is the Latin word for the common quail. [3] This species is now placed in the genus Coturnix that was introduced in 1764 by the French naturalist François Alexandre Pierre de Garsault. [4] [5] [6] The common quail was formerly considered to be conspecific with the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). [7]
The translocation efforts to create a wild northern bobwhite quail population in central Pennsylvania are off to a strong start as it appears there may be more birds now than in the spring.
Both Button and Coturnix quail have different feather coloring due to years of breeding. The common and wild Coturnix quail color is the Pharaoh breed, which is a brown feather color. The Button quail has a red belly, blue body, black and white head, and a brown back all in one (only present in males; females are a brown color all over).
Wild quail were once found in all 67 counties of Pennsylvania in the mid-1800s. However they have been extirpated from Pennsylvania since the 1990s because of poor habitat conditions.
The California quail is a highly sociable bird; one of their daily communal activities is a dust bath. A group of quail will select an area where the ground has been freshly turned or is soft. Using their underbellies, they burrow downward into the soil about 2–5 cm (1–2 in). [3]
Old World quail is a collective name for several genera of mid-sized birds in the tribe Coturnicini of the pheasant family Phasianidae. Although all species commonly referred to as "Old World quail" are in the same tribe, they are paraphyletic with respect to the other members of the tribe, such as Alectoris , Tetraogallus , Ammoperdix ...