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Pseudobulbar palsy is the result of damage of motor fibers traveling from the cerebral cortex to the lower brain stem. This damage might arise in the course of a variety of neurological conditions that involve demyelination and bilateral corticobulbar lesions. Examples include: [3] Progressive supranuclear palsy; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
In contrast, pseudobulbar palsy is a clinical syndrome similar to bulbar palsy but in which the damage is located in upper motor neurons of the corticobulbar tracts in the mid-pons (i.e., in the cranial nerves IX-XII), that is the nerve cells coming down from the cerebral cortex innervating the motor nuclei in the medulla.
[1] [2] They include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), [3] [4] progressive bulbar palsy (PBP), pseudobulbar palsy, progressive muscular atrophy (PMA), primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and monomelic amyotrophy (MMA), as well as some rarer variants resembling ALS. Motor neuron diseases affect both children and ...
[5] [8] There are three main treatment approaches: weight loss, different medications and surgical interventions. Remission is seen for most patients that achieve a weight loss of around 6–10%. Bariatric surgery can be an option for those patients that don't achieve weight loss with lifestyle changes and diet. [22]
The clinical characterizations of BPP "include pseudobulbar palsy with diplegia of the facial, pharyngeal and masticory muscles (facio-pharyngo-glosso-masticatory paresis), pyramidal signs, and seizures." [2] These can result in drooling, feeding issues, restricted tongue movement, and dysarthria. [2]
Meet the experts: Mir Ali, M.D., a bariatric surgeon and medical director of MemorialCare Surgical Weight Loss Center at Orange Coast Medical Center in Fountain Valley, CA; Christoph Buettner, M.D ...
Research sponsored by Novo Nordisk in patients with type 2 diabetes found that, together with diet and exercise, Ozempic led to an average weight loss of almost 10 pounds, while Rybelsus led to an ...
The term pseudobulbar (pseudo-+ bulbar) came from the idea that the symptoms seemed similar to those caused by a bulbar lesion (that is, a lesion in the medulla oblongata). Terms such as forced crying, involuntary crying, pathological emotionality, and emotional incontinence have also been used, although less frequently. [4]