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  2. Piston motion equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piston_motion_equations

    Below is an animation of the piston motion equations with the same values of rod length and crank radius as in the graphs above. Piston motion animation with the various half strokes from the graph above (using the same color code)

  3. Mean piston speed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_piston_speed

    The mean piston speed is the average speed of the piston in a reciprocating engine. It is a function of stroke and RPM. There is a factor of 2 in the equation to account for one stroke to occur in 1/2 of a crank revolution (or alternatively: two strokes per one crank revolution) and a '60' to convert seconds from minutes in the RPM term.

  4. Muzzle velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzle_velocity

    For projectiles in unpowered flight, its velocity is highest at leaving the muzzle and drops off steadily because of air resistance.Projectiles traveling less than the speed of sound (about 340 m/s (1,100 ft/s) in dry air at sea level) are subsonic, while those traveling faster are supersonic and thus can travel a substantial distance and even hit a target before a nearby observer hears the ...

  5. Thrust-to-weight ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrust-to-weight_ratio

    Max take-off weight, full power Boeing 747-8: 0.269 Max take-off weight, full power Boeing 777-200ER: 0.285 Max take-off weight, full power Boeing 737 MAX 8: 0.311 Max take-off weight, full power Airbus A320neo: 0.310 Max take-off weight, full power Boeing 757-200: 0.341 Max take-off weight, full power (w/Rolls-Royce RB211) Tupolev 154B: 0.360

  6. Engine balance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_balance

    An early example is the 3.3 L (200 cu in) and 3.8 L (229 cu in) Chevrolet 90° V6 engines, which have an 18° offset crankshaft resulting in an uneven firing interval. Newer examples, such as the Honda C engine , use 30° offset crank pins, resulting in an even firing interval.

  7. Flame speed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_speed

    The flame speed is the measured rate of expansion of the flame front in a combustion reaction. Whereas flame velocity is generally used for a fuel, a related term is explosive velocity, which is the same relationship measured for an explosive. Combustion engineers differentiate between the laminar flame speed and turbulent flame speed.

  8. Tractive effort - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tractive_effort

    An estimate for the tractive effort of a single cylinder steam locomotive can be obtained from the cylinder pressure, cylinder bore, stroke of the piston [note 2] and the diameter of the wheel. The torque developed by the linear motion of the piston depends on the angle that the driving rod makes with the tangent of the radius on the driving wheel.

  9. Drag equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag_equation

    These two properties determine the speed of sound in the gas at its given temperature. The Buckingham pi theorem then leads to a third dimensionless group, the ratio of the relative velocity to the speed of sound, which is known as the Mach number. Consequently when a body is moving relative to a gas, the drag coefficient varies with the Mach ...