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Salvia officinalis, the common sage or sage, is a perennial, evergreen subshrub, with woody stems, grayish leaves, and blue to purplish flowers. It is a member of the mint family Lamiaceae and native to the Mediterranean region , though it has been naturalized in many places throughout the world.
[1] The naming of distinct Salvia species has undergone regular revision, with many species being renamed, merged, and reclassified over the years. Salvia officinalis (common sage), for example, has been cultivated for thousands of years, yet has been named and described under six different scientific names since 1940 alone. At one time there ...
Salvia (/ ˈ s æ l v i ə /) [3] is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae, with just under 1,000 species of shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. [4] [5] [6] Within the Lamiaceae, Salvia is part of the tribe Mentheae within the subfamily Nepetoideae. [4]
Also called English, Garden, and True sage oil. Made by steam distillation of Salvia officinalis partially dried leaves. Yields range from 0.5 to 1.0%. A colorless to yellow liquid with a warm camphoraceous, thujone-like odor and sharp and bitter taste. The main components of the oil are thujone (50%), camphor, pinene, and cineol. [1]
Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia, synonym Salvia lavandulifolia, [1] (Spanish sage) is a small woody herbaceous perennial native to Spain and southern France, growing in rocky soil in Maquis shrubland, often found growing with rosemary, Lavandula lanata, and Genista cinerea. [2]
Sepia officinalis, the common cuttlefish or European common cuttlefish, a cuttlefish species native to the Mediterranean Sea, North Sea and Baltic Sea; Stachys officinalis, the purple betony, bishopwort, lousewort, wild hop, wood betony or bishop's wort, a perennial grassland herb species found in most of Europe, western Asia and North Africa
Salvia sclarea, the clary or clary sage (clary deriving from Middle English clarie, from Anglo-Norman sclaree, from Late or Medieval Latin sclarēia meaning clear), is a biennial (short-lived) herbaceous perennial in the genus Salvia. [2] It is native to the northern Mediterranean Basin and to some areas in north Africa and Central Asia.
Salvia miltiorrhiza (Chinese: 丹參; pinyin: dānshēn), also known as red sage, redroot sage, Chinese sage, or danshen, is a perennial plant in the genus Salvia, highly valued for its roots in traditional Chinese medicine. [2]