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Divine, abstract sharia: In this sense, sharia is a rather abstract concept which leaves ample room for various concrete interpretations by humans. Classical sharia: This is the body of Islamic rules, principles and cases compiled by religious scholars during the first two centuries after Muhammad, including Ijtihād.
Usul al-Fiqh. Islah or Al-Islah (الإصلاح ,إصلاح, al-ʾIṣlāḥ) is an Arabic word, usually translated as "reform", in the sense of "to improve, to better, to put something into a better position, correction, correcting something and removing vice, reworking, emendation, reparation, restoration, rectitude, probability, reconciliation."
Islam[ a ] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number approximately 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians. [ 9 ]
The Quran, [ c ] also romanized Qur'an or Koran, [ d ] is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allāh). It is organized in 114 chapters (surah, pl. suwer) which consist of individual verses (āyah). Besides its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic ...
The word 'Allah' in thuluth calligraphy. Allah (/ ˈælə, ˈɑːlə, əˈlɑː /; [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] Arabic: ﷲIPA: [əɫ.ɫɑːh] ⓘ) is the Arabic word for God, particularly the God of Abraham. Outside of the Middle East, it is principally associated with Islam, but the term was used in pre-Islamic Arabia and continues to be used today by ...
Al-Bukhari According to Jonathan Brown, following Ibn Hanbal, Al-Bukhari had reportedly declared that 'reciting the Quran is an element of createdness’. Through this assertion, Al-Bukhari had sought an alternative response to the doctrines of Mu'tazilites and declared that the element of creation is applied only to humans, not the Word of God. His statements were received negatively by ...
The Torah (/ ˈtɔːrə / or / ˈtoʊrə /; [ 1 ] Biblical Hebrew: תּוֹרָהTōrā, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. [ 2 ] In Christianity, the Torah is also known as the Pentateuch (/ ˈpɛntətjuːk ...
Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Darimi (Arabic: عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن الدارمي, romanized:Abd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Dārimī; 797–869 CE) was a Muslim scholar and Imam of Arab ancestry. [ 6 ] His best known work is Sunan al-Darimi, a book collection of hadith, [ 7 ] considered one of the Nine Books (Al-Kutub ...