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  2. Univocity of being - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univocity_of_being

    [5] Deleuze at once echoes and inverts Spinoza, [6] who maintained that everything that exists is a modification of the one substance, God or Nature. He claims that it is the organizing principle of Spinoza's philosophy, despite the absence of the term from any of Spinoza's works.

  3. Pascal's wager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_wager

    The wise decision is to wager that God exists, since "If you gain, you gain all; if you lose, you lose nothing", meaning one can gain eternal life if God exists, but if not, one will be no worse off in death than if one had not believed. On the other hand, if you bet against God, win or lose, you either gain nothing or lose everything.

  4. Best of all possible worlds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Best_of_all_possible_worlds

    Leibniz then claims that the only possible reason for the choice between these possible worlds is "the fitness or the degree of perfection" which they possess – i.e., the quality which makes worlds better than others, so that the world with the greatness "fitness" or "perfection" is the best one.

  5. 75 Epictetus Quotes on Life, Philosophy and Empowerment - AOL

    www.aol.com/75-epictetus-quotes-life-philosophy...

    6. “First learn the meaning of what you say, and then speak.” 7. “It is impossible to begin to learn that which one thinks one already knows.”

  6. Great chain of being - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_chain_of_being

    God is the creator of all things. Many religions, such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam believe he created the entire universe and everything in it. He has spiritual attributes found in angels and humans. God has unique attributes of omnipotence, omnipresence, and omniscience. He is the model of perfection in all of creation. [3]

  7. Lebensphilosophie - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebensphilosophie

    Characteristics that regularly recur in the work of Lebensphilosophie thinkers, although not in every writer, can be summarized as follows: [14] [15] Life is central: in contrast to empiricism and materialism on the one hand, which place matter central, or idealism and rationalism on the other, which place intellect central, the philosophy of life wants to explain the world from the ...

  8. Irenaean theodicy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irenaean_theodicy

    Schleiermacher conceived a perfect world to be one in which God's purposes can naturally be achieved, and will ultimately lead to dependence on God. He conceived sin as being an obstruction to humanity's dependence on God, arguing that it is almost inevitable, but citing Jesus as an example of a sinless man, whose consciousness of God was ...

  9. Transcendental argument for the existence of God - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendental_argument...

    The Transcendental Argument for the existence of God (TAG) is an argument that attempts to prove the existence of God by appealing to the necessary conditions for the possibility of experience and knowledge. [1] A version was formulated by Immanuel Kant in his 1763 work The Only Possible Argument in Support of a Demonstration of the Existence ...