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The Dataframe API was released as an abstraction on top of the RDD, followed by the Dataset API. In Spark 1.x, the RDD was the primary application programming interface (API), but as of Spark 2.x use of the Dataset API is encouraged [3] even though the RDD API is not deprecated. [4] [5] The RDD technology still underlies the Dataset API. [6] [7]
[4]: 114 A DataFrame is a 2-dimensional data structure of rows and columns, similar to a spreadsheet, and analogous to a Python dictionary mapping column names (keys) to Series (values), with each Series sharing an index. [4]: 115 DataFrames can be concatenated together or "merged" on columns or indices in a manner similar to joins in SQL.
In relational algebra, a rename is a unary operation written as / where: . R is a relation; a and b are attribute names; b is an attribute of R; The result is identical to R except that the b attribute in all tuples is renamed to a. [1]
A change might see a completely different name being adopted or may only be a slight change in spelling. Some names are changed locally but the new names are not recognised by other countries, especially when there is a difference in language.
The following is a timeline of the organizational changes in the National Basketball Association (NBA), including contractions, expansions, relocations, and divisional realignment.
Portal frames can be defined as two-dimensional rigid frames that have the basic characteristics of a rigid joint between column and beam. The main objective of this form of design is to reduce bending moment in the beam, which allows the frame to act as one structural unit.