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Serious traumatic injury most often occurs as a result of traffic collisions. [11] Traumatic injury is the leading cause of death in people under the age of 45. [12] Blunt trauma injuries are caused by the forceful impact of an external object.
Injuries may be caused by any combination of external forces that act physically against the body. [10] The leading causes of traumatic death are blunt trauma, motor vehicle collisions, and falls, followed by penetrating trauma such as stab wounds or impaled objects. [11]
Secondary injury is an indirect result of the injury. It results from processes initiated by the trauma. [6] It occurs in the hours and days following the primary injury [9] [10] and plays a large role in the brain damage and death that results from TBI. [10]
Abdominal CT showing left renal artery injury. Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) represents 75% of all blunt trauma and is the most common example of this injury. [3] Seventy-five percent of BAT occurs in motor vehicle crashes, [4] in which rapid deceleration may propel the driver into the steering wheel, dashboard, or seatbelt, [5] causing contusions in less serious cases, or rupture of internal ...
Injuries to humans elicit an elaborate response including emergency medicine, trauma surgery (illustrated), and pain management. Injury in humans has been studied extensively for its importance in medicine. Much of medical practice, including emergency medicine and pain management, is dedicated to the treatment of injuries.
Brain trauma occurs as a consequence of a sudden acceleration or deceleration within the cranium or by a complex combination of both movement and sudden impact. In addition to the damage caused at the moment of injury, a variety of events following the injury may result in further injury.
A coup injury occurs under the site of impact with an object, and a contrecoup injury occurs on the side opposite the area that was hit. Brain injuries can result from a number of conditions, including: [22] Trauma; multiple traumatic injuries can lead to chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
Secondary injuries are ballistic trauma caused by impacts of flying shrapnels and other objects propelled by the explosion. [8] These injuries may affect any part of the body and sometimes result in penetrating trauma with visible bleeding. [9] At times the propelled object may become embedded in the body, obstructing the loss of blood to the ...