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In general, the treatment of postpartum preeclampsia is the same as during pregnancy, including using anti-hypertensive medications to lower blood pressure and magnesium sulfate to prevent eclampsia. The same blood pressure medications that are used during pregnancy can be used in the postpartum period.
Eclampsia, like pre-eclampsia, tends to occur more commonly in first pregnancies than subsequent pregnancies. [38] [39] [40] Women who have long term high blood pressure before becoming pregnant have a greater risk of pre-eclampsia. [38] [39] Patients who have gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia have an increased risk of eclampsia. [41]
Magnesium sulfate is effective in decreasing the risk that pre-eclampsia progresses to eclampsia. [24] Intravenous magnesium sulfate is used to prevent and treat seizures of eclampsia. It reduces the systolic blood pressure but does not alter the diastolic blood pressure, so the blood perfusion to the fetus is not compromised.
In women with preeclampsia or eclampsia, magnesium sulfate is often prescribed to prevent the occurrence of seizures in the gestational parent. [13] Treatment should be continued from the time of diagnosis to several weeks postpartum given the increased risk of medical complications immediately following delivery of the fetus. [ 24 ]
Magnesium sulfate is used often in patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia, can inadvertently inhibit uterine contractions. In addition, preeclampsia can lead to blood disorders such as thrombocytopenia, platelet abnormalities, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. [5]
As a bronchodilator after beta-agonist and anticholinergic agents have been tried, e.g. in severe exacerbations of asthma. [4]Obstetrics: Magnesium sulfate is used to prevent seizures in women with preeclampsia and eclampsia, and is also used for fetal neuroprotection in preterm deliveries, but has been shown to be an ineffective tocolytic agent.
642.4 Mild or unspecified pre-eclampsia; 642.5 Severe pre-eclampsia; 642.6 Eclampsia, unspec. 642.7 Pre-eclampsia or eclampsia superimposed on pre-existing hypertension; 643 Excessive vomiting in pregnancy. 643.0 Mild hyperemesis gravidarum; 643.1 Hyperemesis gravidarum with metabolic disturbance; 643.9 Vomiting of pregnancy, unspec. 644 Early ...
Magnesium sulfate [40] Myosin light chain inhibitor Probably effective in delaying preterm birth by 48 hours. [8] It is used for its neuro-protective effects since it is shown to decrease the risk of cerebral palsy in infants. [41] Absolute contraindication: myasthenia gravis. [42] Use as a tocolytic agent may result in death of the fetus or ...