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A heat pump in combination with heat and cold storage. A ground source heat pump (also geothermal heat pump) is a heating/cooling system for buildings that use a type of heat pump to transfer heat to or from the ground, taking advantage of the relative constancy of temperatures of the earth through the seasons.
Direct use of geothermal heat by category in 2015 as adapted from John W. Lund [5] Category GWh/year Geothermal heat pumps 90,293 Bathing and swimming 33,164 Space heating 24,508 Greenhouse heating 7,407 Aquaculture pond heating 3,322 Industrial uses 2,904 Cooling/snow melting 722 Agriculture drying 564 Others 403 Total 163,287
DX system being drilled in the 1980s. A direct exchange (DX) geothermal heat pump is a type of ground source heat pump in which refrigerant circulates through copper tubing placed in the ground unlike other ground source heat pumps where refrigerant is restricted to the heat pump itself with a secondary loop in the ground filled with a mixture of water and anti-freeze.
In winter, a heating coil adds to that constant temperature to create heat with less energy. “Basically, it’s a heat pump system,” he said. “It’s completely clean … clean energy.”
In general, heat pumps work most efficiently (that is, the heat output produced for a given energy input) when the difference between the heat source and the heat sink is small. When using a heat pump for space or water heating, therefore, the heat pump will be most efficient in mild conditions, and decline in efficiency on very cold days.
A heating system component used when a heat pump cannot satisfy the space heating requirements by itself, during the defrost cycle (for air source equipment only), or as an emergency backup when the main system is inoperable. Usually electric resistance heat, but natural gas, LPG, or oil heating systems are also used.
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