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Vasodilation, also known as vasorelaxation, is the widening of blood vessels. [ 1 ] It results from relaxation of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls, in particular in the large veins, large arteries, and smaller arterioles. [ 2 ] Blood vessel walls are composed of endothelial tissue and a basal membrane lining the lumen of the vessel ...
Human thermoregulation. As in other mammals, human thermoregulation is an important aspect of homeostasis. In thermoregulation, body heat is generated mostly in the deep organs, especially the liver, brain, and heart, and in contraction of skeletal muscles. [1] Humans have been able to adapt to a great diversity of climates, including hot humid ...
When vasodilation occurs, blood vessels widen to increase blood flow. When vasoconstriction occurs, the vessels narrow, decreasing blood flow and increasing blood pressure. Benefits of Vasodilation
In humans, hyperthermia is defined as a temperature greater than 37.5–38.3 °C (99.5–100.9 °F), depending on the reference used, that occurs without a change in the body's temperature set point. [3][10] The normal human body temperature can be as high as 37.7 °C (99.9 °F) in the late afternoon. [2] Hyperthermia requires an elevation from ...
Hyperaemia (also hyperemia) is the increase of blood flow to different tissues in the body. It can have medical implications but is also a regulatory response, allowing change in blood supply to different tissues through vasodilation (widening of blood vessels). Clinically, hyperaemia in tissues manifests as erythema (redness of the skin ...
Nitric oxide (NO) contributes to vessel homeostasis by inhibiting vascular smooth muscle contraction and growth, platelet aggregation, and leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. Humans with atherosclerosis, diabetes, or hypertension often show impaired NO pathways. [50] Nitric oxide (NO) is a mediator of vasodilation in blood vessels.
Vasodilatory shock, vasogenic shock, or vasoplegic shock is a medical emergency belonging to shock along with cardiogenic shock, septic shock, allergen-induced shock and hypovolemic shock. When the blood vessels suddenly relax, it results in vasodilation. In vasodilatory shock, the blood vessels are too relaxed leading to extreme vasodilation ...
Neurology. Neurogenic shock is a distributive type of shock resulting in hypotension (low blood pressure), often with bradycardia (slowed heart rate), caused by disruption of autonomic nervous system pathways. [1] It can occur after damage to the central nervous system, such as spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury.