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Independent Albania (from 12 November 1912 to 21 February 1914) Capital: Vlorë; Principality of Albania (from 21 February 1914) Limited sovereignty for occupatio bellica by the Balkan League states. Recognized independent state de jure from 29 July 1913. [2] [3] De facto Italian protectorate from 23 June 1917.
The Congress of Berlin (13 June – 13 July 1878) was a meeting of the leading statesmen of Europe's Great Powers and the Ottoman Empire. In the wake of the Russia's decisive victory in a war with Turkey, 1877–78, the urgent need was to stabilize and reorganize the Balkans, and set up new nations.
The Triple Entente (from French entente [ɑ̃tɑ̃t] meaning "friendship, understanding, agreement") describes the informal understanding between the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It was built upon the Franco-Russian Alliance of 1894, the Entente Cordiale of 1904 between France ...
The Report of the International Commission to Inquire into the Causes and Conduct of the Balkan Wars is a document published in Washington D.C. in 1914 by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. The International Commission consisted of university professors and other prominent individuals from France, Great Britain, United States ...
Map showing the borders of the Balkan states before and after both Balkan Wars.. The League of the Balkans was a quadruple alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1912 between the Eastern Orthodox kingdoms of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and directed against the Ottoman Empire, [1] which at the time still controlled much of Southeastern Europe.
The Spanish Empire, [ b ] sometimes referred to as the Hispanic Monarchy[ c ] or the Catholic Monarchy, [ d ][ 4 ][ 5 ][ 6 ] was a colonial empire that existed between 1492 and 1976. [ 7 ][ 8 ] In conjunction with the Portuguese Empire, it ushered in the European Age of Discovery. It achieved a global scale, [ 9 ] controlling vast portions of ...
With the end of the Spanish–American War, Spanish colonies in Oceania are divided: Germany gains the Mariana Islands (except Guam) and the Caroline Islands; Spain cedes Guam to the United States. 1901, January 1 – The state of Australia is formed from six British colonies. 1912, February 21 – Palmyra Atoll is annexed by the United States.
The Rocky Road to the Great War: the Evolution of Trench Warfare to 1914. Dulles, Virginia, Potomac Books ISBN 978-1-59797-553-7; Pettifer, James. War in the Balkans: Conflict and Diplomacy Before World War I (IB Tauris, 2015). Akmeşe, Handan Nezir (2015). The Birth of Modern Turkey: The Ottoman Military and the March to World I. I.B. Tauris.