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The rise of Switzerland as a federal state began on 12 September 1848, with the creation of a federal constitution in response to a 27-day civil war, the Sonderbundskrieg. The constitution, which was heavily influenced by the United States Constitution and the ideas of the French Revolution , was modified several times during the following ...
Switzerland became calm. ... Switzerland is not a member state of the EU but has been ... A History of Switzerland. The First 100,000 Years: Before the Beginnings to ...
In 2002 Switzerland became a full member of the United Nations, leaving Vatican City as the last widely recognised state without full UN membership. Switzerland is a founding member of the EFTA but not the European Economic Area (EEA). An application for membership in the European Union was sent in May 1992, but did not advance since rejecting ...
Berne introduced the legislative optional referendum in the same year. [7] The political crisis of the Regeneration period culminated in the Sonderbund War of November 1847. As a result of the Sonderbund War, Switzerland was transformed into a federal state, with a constitution promulgated on 12 September 1848. This constitution provided for ...
In the 1970s the GDP growth rate gradually declined from a peak of 6.5% in 1970; GDP then contracted by 7.5% in 1975 and 1976. Switzerland became increasingly dependent on oil imported from its main suppliers, the OPEC cartel. The 1973 international oil crisis caused Switzerland's energy consumption to decrease in the years from 1973 to 1978. [14]
The country has a history of armed neutrality going back to the Reformation; it has not been in a state of war internationally since 1815 [5] [6] apart from the Sonderbund War (Switzerland civil war), joining the League of Nations in 1920 [5] and did not join the United Nations until 2002. [7]
After the USSR ceased to exist, the Russian Federation became an independent state and was recognized by the international community as the successor state of the USSR. Spain: 6 December 1978: Spanish Constitution: 1479: Dinastical unification of the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon by the Catholic Monarchs.
Year Date Event 1843: June: The first Schweizerisches Gesangsfest, a singing festival, was held in Zürich.: 1847: 3 November: Sonderbund War: In the midst of a political crisis, troops from Uri, a member of the Sonderbund, a separate alliance of Catholic cantons of Switzerland, seized the Gotthard Pass between the northern and southern halves of the country.