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Rhinatrematidae is a family of caecilians, also known as the Neotropical tailed caecilians, American tailed caecilians. or beaked caecilians. They are found in the equatorial countries of South America. [1] [2] They are usually regarded as the most basal of the caecilian families, with numerous characteristics lacking in the other groups.
Caecilians feed on small subterranean creatures such as earthworms. The body is cylindrical and often darkly coloured, and the skull is bullet-shaped and strongly built. Caecilian heads have several unique adaptations, including fused cranial and jaw bones, a two-part system of jaw muscles, and a chemosensory tentacle in front of the eye. The ...
The Ichthyophiidae are the family of Asiatic tailed caecilians or fish caecilians found in South and Southeast Asia as well as southernmost China. [1] They are primitive caecilians, lacking many of the derived characters found in the other families. For example, their mouths are not recessed underneath their heads, they possess tails, and they ...
Unlike other caecilians, they have only primary annuli; these are grooves running incompletely around the body, giving the animal a segmented appearance. All other caecilians have a complex pattern of grooves, with secondary or tertiary annuli present. Also uniquely amongst tetrapods, the scolecomorphids lack a stapes bone in the middle ear. [4]
Rhinatrema bivittatum, the two-lined caecilian, is a species of caecilian in the family Rhinatrematidae. It is found in Brazil , French Guiana , Guyana , and Suriname . Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests , rivers , and intermittent rivers .
Rhinatrema nigrum, the black caecilian, is a species of caecilian in the family Rhinatrematidae found in Guyana, [3] Venezuela, and possibly Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests , subtropical or tropical moist montane forests , rivers , and intermittent rivers.
The Sagalla caecilian can be found mainly in low density farms and patches of indigenous forests on Sagala Hill. They are limited to an altitude of 1000–1504 meters above sea level [4] on Sagalla Hill as it is difficult for the species to expand to higher/lower (and therefore newer) land; they are restricted by rocky mountains with less vegetation on one side and arid climates on the other.
Dermophis is a genus of worm-like amphibians [1] in the family Dermophiidae, the Neotropical and Tropical African caecilians. [2] [3] They are found in the Middle America between southern Mexico and northwestern Colombia. Common names Mexican caecilians or Neotropical caecilians are sometimes used for them. [2]