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Although often described as extremely dangerous in the media, piranhas typically do not represent a serious risk to humans. [3] [28] However, attacks have occurred, especially when the piranhas are in a stressed situation such as the dense groups that may occur when the water is lower during the dry season and food is relatively scarce.
This fish is an omnivore, and has aggressive tendencies when hungry, stressed, or seeking live food. Like most in the Serrasalmidae family, piraya piranhas dental morphology has a major influence for their inclination toward piscivorous and herbivorous behavior. [3]
Acoustic communication among red-bellied piranhas is exhibited along with aggressive behaviors, such as biting, chasing, conspecific confrontation, and fighting. [16] The sounds created by piranhas are generated through rapid contractions of the sonic muscles and is associated with the swimbladder.
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Despite their aggressive reputation, and stereotyped as a 'human-chaser', bites by bushmasters are rare, but the mortality rate is higher. Among elapids , the new-world coral snakes ( Leptomicrurus, Micrurus , Micruroides ) are responsible for only 1-2% of incidents, while bites by the yellow-bellied sea snake are even more rare. [ 1 ] (
Piranhas are attracted by splashes of water and the smell of blood. Particularly dangerous for the human are four species of large piranhas, two of which are well-known: ordinary piranha (Rooseveltiella nattereri) and big piranha (Pygocentrus piraya). After being placed into aquarium, they loose their aggressiveness".
Pacus generally have more complex and broad teeth while true piranhas have teeth with multiple cusps, well developed serration and strong compression, making them thin and well suited for cutting. Between the three preserved teeth the size varies greatly, with the third being the largest and the fourth the smallest.
In laboratory conditions, wimple piranhas are known to feed on scales from fish up to three times their own length, and are even known to feed on scales of conspecifics. Like most fish, when the wimple piranha feeds on small fish or scales floating in the water, it uses suction feeding.