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The study of the Pythagorean means is closely related to the study of majorization and Schur-convex functions. The harmonic and geometric means are concave symmetric functions of their arguments, and hence Schur-concave, while the arithmetic mean is a linear function of its arguments and hence is both concave and convex.
In calculus, and especially multivariable calculus, the mean of a function is loosely defined as the average value of the function over its domain. In one variable, the mean of a function f(x) over the interval (a,b) is defined by: [1] ¯ = ().
Average of chords. In ordinary language, an average is a single number or value that best represents a set of data. The type of average taken as most typically representative of a list of numbers is the arithmetic mean – the sum of the numbers divided by how many numbers are in the list. For example, the mean or average of the numbers 2, 3, 4 ...
The function corresponding to the L 0 space is not a norm, and is thus often referred to in quotes: 0-"norm". In equations, for a given (finite) data set X, thought of as a vector x = (x 1,…,x n), the dispersion about a point c is the "distance" from x to the constant vector c = (c,…,c) in the p-norm (normalized by the number of points n):
In computer science and formal methods, a SAT solver is a computer program which aims to solve the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT). On input a formula over Boolean variables, such as "(x or y) and (x or not y)", a SAT solver outputs whether the formula is satisfiable, meaning that there are possible values of x and y which make the formula true, or unsatisfiable, meaning that there are no ...
An average order of σ(n), the sum of divisors of n, is nπ 2 / 6; An average order of φ(n), Euler's totient function of n, is 6n / π 2; An average order of r(n), the number of ways of expressing n as a sum of two squares, is π; The average order of representations of a natural number as a sum of three squares is 4πn / 3;
The chord function is defined geometrically as shown in the picture. The chord of an angle is the length of the chord between two points on a unit circle separated by that central angle . The angle θ is taken in the positive sense and must lie in the interval 0 < θ ≤ π (radian measure).
For all positive data sets containing at least one pair of nonequal values, the harmonic mean is always the least of the three Pythagorean means, [5] while the arithmetic mean is always the greatest of the three and the geometric mean is always in between. (If all values in a nonempty data set are equal, the three means are always equal.)