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Acute liver failure is common, especially in early life. Additionally, the synthesis of albumin in the liver may be defective, therefore leading to hypoalbuminemia. As the disease progresses, cirrhosis is common. This can lead to a fatty liver and the development of tumors in areas affected by this
Blood lead level (BLL), is a measure of the amount of lead in the blood. [1] [2] Lead is a toxic heavy metal and can cause neurological damage, especially among children, at any detectable level. High lead levels cause decreased vitamin D and haemoglobin synthesis as well as anemia, acute central nervous system disorders, and possibly death. [3]
Signs and symptoms of methemoglobinemia (methemoglobin level above 10%) include shortness of breath, cyanosis, mental status changes (~50%), headache, fatigue, exercise intolerance, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. [5] People with severe methemoglobinemia (methemoglobin level above 50%) may exhibit seizures, coma, and death (level above 70 ...
A rise in lactate out of proportion to the level of pyruvate, e.g., in mixed venous blood, is termed "excess lactate", and is an indicator of anaerobic glycolysis occurring in muscle cells, as seen during strenuous exercise. Once oxygenation is restored, the acidosis clears quickly.
Some infected neonates will develop acute hepatitis B and symptomatically will develop abdominal distension, jaundice, clay- colored stools and failure to thrive. However, most infected neonates will be asymptomatic but will chronically have persistent hepatitis B surface antigens in the blood and elevated transaminase levels. [20] [21]
Treatment of acute episodes may include medications for infection, stopping the offending medication, or blood transfusions. [3] Jaundice in newborns may be treated with bili lights. [2] It is recommended that people be tested for G6PDD before certain medications, such as primaquine, are taken. [2] About 400 million people have the condition ...
Kernicterus is a bilirubin-induced brain dysfunction. [1] The term was coined in 1904 by Christian Georg Schmorl.Bilirubin is a naturally occurring substance in the body of humans and many other animals, but it is neurotoxic when its concentration in the blood is too high, a condition known as hyperbilirubinemia.
Acute respiratory acidosis occurs when an abrupt failure of ventilation occurs. This failure in ventilation may be caused by depression of the central respiratory center by cerebral disease or drugs, inability to ventilate adequately due to neuromuscular disease (e.g., myasthenia gravis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, muscular dystrophy), or airway obstruction ...