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Gujarat, a region in western India, fell under the Delhi Sultanate following repeated expeditions under Alauddin Khalji around the end of the 13th century. He conquered the Kingdom of Gujarat which had been under the rule of the Vaghela dynasty under Karna II and established Muslim rule in Gujarat.
The Gujarat Sultanate or Sultanate of Guzerat was a late medieval Islamic Indian kingdom in Western India, primarily in the present-day state of Gujarat. The kingdom was established in 1394 when Muzaffar Shah I , the Governor of Gujarat, declared independence from the Tughlaq dynasty of Delhi .
The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3. R. C. Majumdar (1967) [1960]. "Social Life: Hindu and Muslim Relations". The History and Culture of the Indian People. Vol. VI: The Delhi Sultanate (Second ed.). Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. OCLC 634843951. Z. A. Desai (1975). "A ...
Muzaffar Shah I (born Zafar Khan; 30 June 1342 – 10 January 1411) was the founder of the Muzaffarid dynasty in Medieval India, reigning over the Gujarat Sultanate from 1391 to 1403 and again from 1404 to 1411.
In 1403, Zafar Khan's son Tatar Khan urged his father to march on Delhi to take advantage of the situation, but Zafar declined. As a result, in 1403, Tatar imprisoned Zafar in Ashaval (now Ahmedabad) and declared himself Sultan of Gujarat, reigning as Muhammad Shah I. Tatar humbled the chief of Nandod in Rajpipla, and marched towards Delhi.
The Sultanate of Gujarat remained independent until 1576, when the Mughal emperor Akbar conquered and annexed it to the Mughal Empire as a province. Surat had become the prominent and main port of India during Mughal rule. Later in the 18th century, parts of Gujarat came under control of the Baroda State, a kingdom within the Maratha Confederacy.
The founder of the dynasty was Zafar Khan (later Muzaffar Shah I) who was governor of Gujarat under the Delhi Sultanate. When the Sultanate was weakened by the sacking of Delhi by Timur in 1398, and Zafar Khan took the opportunity to establish himself as sultan of an independent Gujarat.
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