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Arctic cold is forecast to surge through much of the Lower 48 starting later this week into next week. Bitterly cold wind chills are possible over many areas. See our Key Messages below.
Cold subsides when the vortex restabilizes and drives the arctic air back north. January’s freeze-out comes after December started cold, but finished out unusually warm across most of the country.
Arctic cold is forecast to surge through much of the Lower 48 starting later this week into next week. Bitterly cold wind chills are possible over many areas. See our Key Messages below.
Some parts of the Arctic are covered by ice (sea ice, glacial ice, or snow) year-round, especially at the most poleward parts; and nearly all parts of the Arctic experience long periods with some form of ice or snow on the surface. Average January temperatures range from about −40 to 0 °C (−40 to 32 °F), and winter temperatures can drop ...
A map of the Arctic. The red line is the 10 °C isotherm in July, commonly used to define the Arctic region; also shown is the Arctic Circle. The white area shows the average minimum extent of sea ice in summer as of 1975. [1] The climate of the Arctic is characterized by long, cold winters
The cold blob in the North Atlantic (also called the North Atlantic warming hole [2] [3]) describes a cold temperature anomaly of ocean surface waters, affecting the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) which is part of the thermohaline circulation, possibly related to global warming-induced melting of the Greenland ice sheet.
Meteorologists often look at where the high-pressure areas originate from to help determine how cold or warm the air can potentially be for a region when making a forecast.
The Cold War acted as a catalyst for progress in polar meteorology. Balloon instruments along the northern borders of the US and Canada were used for atmospheric profiling. North America’s air defenses often used instruments carried on balloons to profile the Arctic.