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The siege of Bilär was a battle for the capital city of Volga Bulgaria, between the Volga Bulgars and the Mongols.It took place in the autumn of 1236 and lasted 45 days. It ended with the destruction of Bilär and the massacre of its population, estimated at several dozen thousa
The campaigning in Bulgaria probably happened mainly in the north, where archaeology yields evidence of destruction from this period. The Mongols did, however, cross Bulgaria to attack the Latin Empire to its south before withdrawing completely. Bulgaria was forced to pay tribute to the Mongols, and this continued thereafter.
The Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria lasted from 1223 to 1236. The Bulgar state, centered in lower Volga and Kama, was the center of the fur trade in Eurasia throughout most of its history.
Nevertheless, at the end of the 14th century, the Ottomans conquered the whole of Bulgaria. [132] Under the Ottoman system, Christians were considered an inferior class of people. Thus, Bulgarians, like other Christians, were subjected to heavy taxes and a small portion of the Bulgarian populace experienced partial or complete Islamisation. [133]
Peasant Ivaylo seized the throne, killing the Bulgarian tsar; Ivaylo was murdered, George Terter I became emperor of Bulgaria; Fifth Bulgarian-Serbian War (1290-1291) Bulgarian Empire: Serbian Kingdom: Defeat. Bulgaria lost the Belgrade and Branicevo provinces. Fourth Bulgarian-Mongol War (1299-1300) [citation needed] Bulgarian Empire: Golden ...
Volga Bulgaria or Volga–Kama Bulgaria (sometimes referred to as the Volga Bulgar Emirate [2]) was a historical Bulgar [3] [4] [5] state that existed between the 9th and 13th centuries around the confluence of the Volga and Kama River, in what is now European Russia.
The distinctive sound of Bulgarian folk music comes partly from the asymmetric rhythms, harmony and polyphony, such as the use of close intervals like the major second and the singing of a drone accompaniment underneath the melody, especially common in songs from the Shopluk region in Western Bulgaria and the Pirin region.
The former territories of Volga Bulgaria were integrated into the Mongol Empire in 1236 and later became part of the lands of the Golden Horde. [2] After the collapse of Mongol rule in the region, much of the old Volga Bulgarian state became part of the new Khanate of Kazan (1438–1552), which in many ways was a continuation of Volga Bulgaria. [1]