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In spark-ignition internal combustion engines, knocking (also knock, detonation, spark knock, pinging or pinking) occurs when combustion of some of the air/fuel mixture in the cylinder does not result from propagation of the flame front ignited by the spark plug, but when one or more pockets of air/fuel mixture explode outside the envelope of the normal combustion front.
Break-in or breaking in, also known as run-in or running in, is the procedure of conditioning a new piece of equipment by giving it an initial period of running, usually under light load, but sometimes under heavy load or normal load. It is generally a process of moving parts wearing against each other to produce the last small bit of size and ...
Engine balance refers to how the inertial forces produced by moving parts in an internal combustion engine or steam engine are neutralised with counterweights and balance shafts, to prevent unpleasant and potentially damaging vibration. The strongest inertial forces occur at crankshaft speed (first-order forces) and balance is mandatory, while ...
Active noise cancelling (ANC) is a software process that uses existing in-vehicle infotainment hardware to eliminate undesirable noise within the interior of a vehicle. This elimination technique is known as harmonic order reduction, where unwanted audio signals are identified by sensors and filtered out of the overall interior vehicle sound. [3]
Ground noise can only get into the signal path in single-ended signaling, in which the ground or shield conductor serves as one side of the signal path. When the signal is sent as a differential signal along a pair of wires, neither of which are connected to ground, any noise from the ground system induced in the signal lines is a common-mode ...
Compartment for storage of fuel before being directed to the firebox. When the fuel is coal (and in the distant past, coke or wood), the fireman shovels it manually through the firebox door or, in larger locomotives, by operating a mechanical stoker. When the fuel is oil, it is sprayed into the firebox from a sealed tank. [2] [3]: 79 Grate
As a result of increased sales of full electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicles in several countries, some members of the blind community have raised concerns about the noise reduction when those vehicles operate in all-electric mode, as blind people or the visually impaired consider the noise of combustion engines a helpful aid while crossing streets and think quiet hybrids could pose an ...
The primary sources of jet noise for a high-speed air jet (meaning when the exhaust velocity exceeds about 100 m/s; 360 km/h; 225 mph) are "jet mixing noise" and, for supersonic flow, shock associated noise. Acoustic sources within the "jet pipe" also contribute to the noise, mainly at lower speeds, which include combustion noise, and sounds ...