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Race-norming, more formally called within-group score conversion and score adjustment strategy, is the practice of adjusting test scores to account for the race or ethnicity of the test-taker. [1] In the United States, it was first implemented by the Federal Government in 1981 with little publicity, [ 2 ] and was subsequently outlawed by the ...
The racial achievement gap in the United States refers to disparities in educational achievement between differing ethnic/racial groups. [1] It manifests itself in a variety of ways: African-American and Hispanic students are more likely to earn lower grades, score lower on standardized tests, drop out of high school, and they are less likely to enter and complete college than whites, while ...
[14] [15] However, males score higher on standardized math tests, and these score gaps also increase with age. Male students also score higher on measures of college readiness, such as the AP Calculus exams [16] and the math section of the SAT. [17] [18] Significant race or sex differences exist in the completion of Algebra I. [19]
Two out of three tests found no significant differences. One test found higher scores for non-white people. Moore (1986) compared black and mixed-race children adopted by either black or white middle-class families in the United States. Moore observed that 23 black and interracial children raised by white parents had a significantly higher mean ...
Its primary goals were to enhance the item pool, update the test norms, optimize existing scales, and introduce new scales (that assess disordered eating, compulsivity, impulsivity, and self-importance). [34] It features a new, nationally representative normative sample, selected to match projections for race and ethnicity, education, and age.
In 2005 the journal Psychology, Public Policy and Law of the American Psychological Association (APA) published a review article by Rushton and Jensen, "Thirty Years of Research on Race Differences in Cognitive Ability". [170] The article was followed by a series of responses, some in support, some critical.
[3] [2] [4] Some argue that these findings indicate that test bias plays a role in producing the gaps in IQ test scores. [5] Both of these tests demonstrate how cultural content on intelligence tests may lead to culturally biased score results. Still, these criticisms of cultural content may not apply to "culture free" tests of intelligence.
For most nonverbal standardized tests, this generalization is not limited to English-speaking minorities." (p. ix). Jensen also published a summary of the book the same year which was a target article in the journal Behavioral and Brain Sciences to which 27 commentaries were printed along with the author's reply.