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There is an explicit function f that has been proved to be one-way, if and only if one-way functions exist. [5] In other words, if any function is one-way, then so is f . Since this function was the first combinatorial complete one-way function to be demonstrated, it is known as the "universal one-way function".
One-way compression functions are often built from block ciphers. Block ciphers take (like one-way compression functions) two fixed size inputs (the key and the plaintext) and return one single output (the ciphertext) which is the same size as the input plaintext. However, modern block ciphers are only partially one-way.
Trapdoor functions are a special case of one-way functions and are widely used in public-key cryptography. [2] In mathematical terms, if f is a trapdoor function, then there exists some secret information t, such that given f(x) and t, it is easy to compute x. Consider a padlock and its key. It is trivial to change the padlock from open to ...
It is clear that if a one-to-one function has a hard-core predicate, then it must be one way. Oded Goldreich and Leonid Levin (1989) showed how every one-way function can be trivially modified to obtain a one-way function that has a specific hard-core predicate. [5] Let f be a one-way function.
One Way, an American action thriller; One Way (documentary), a two part documentary series produced by Channel News Asia in 2022; One-Way (French Un aller simple), a 1994 novel by French writer Didier Van Cauwelaert; One-way function, a function that is easy to compute on every input, but hard to invert given the image of a random input
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [3] [4] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.
If the domain of definition equals X, one often says that the partial function is a total function. In several areas of mathematics the term "function" refers to partial functions rather than to ordinary functions. This is typically the case when functions may be specified in a way that makes difficult or even impossible to determine their domain.
In cryptography a universal one-way hash function (UOWHF, often pronounced "woof") is a type of universal hash function of particular importance to cryptography. UOWHFs are proposed as an alternative to collision-resistant hash functions (CRHFs). CRHFs have a strong collision-resistance property: that it is hard, given randomly chosen hash ...