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Stainless steel, also known as inox, corrosion-resistant steel (CRES), or rustless steel, is an iron-based alloy containing a minimum level of chromium that is resistant to rusting and corrosion. Stainless steel's resistance to corrosion results from the 10.5% or more chromium content, which forms a passive film that can protect the material ...
Pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN) is a predictive measurement of a stainless steel's resistance to localized pitting corrosion based on its chemical composition. In general: the higher PREN-value, the more resistant is the stainless steel to localized pitting corrosion by chloride .
904L is an austenitic stainless steel.It is softer than 316L, [1] [2] and its molybdenum addition gives it superior resistance to localized attack (pitting and crevice corrosion) by chlorides and greater resistance reducing acids; in particular, its copper addition gives it useful corrosion resistance to all concentrations of sulfuric acid.
For more severe corrosion conditions, when 304 stainless steel is too sensitive to pitting or crevice corrosion by chlorides or general corrosion in acidic applications, it is commonly replaced by 316 stainless steel. 304 and 302 stainless steels are subject to chloride stress fracture failure when used in tropical salt water conditions such as ...
This metal is commonly used instead of 300 series stainless steels in high temperature and low pH applications in food processing. For example, tomato juice will corrode 316L stainless steel at pasteurization temperatures of 100 °C (210 °F). AL-6XN will better resist this corrosion while still offering the beneficial properties of stainless ...
Crevice corrosion tends to be of greatest significance to components built of highly corrosion-resistant superalloys and operating with the purest-available water chemistry. For example, steam generators in nuclear power plants degrade largely by crevice corrosion. Crevice corrosion is extremely dangerous because it is localized and can lead to ...
Stainless steels are corrosion-resistant, but they are not completely impervious to rusting. One common mode of corrosion in corrosion-resistant steels is when small spots on the surface begin to rust because grain boundaries or embedded bits of foreign matter (such as grinding swarf ) allow water molecules to oxidize some of the iron in those ...
Black oxide or blackening is a conversion coating for ferrous materials, stainless steel, copper and copper based alloys, zinc, powdered metals, and silver solder. [1] It is used to add mild corrosion resistance, for appearance, and to minimize light reflection. [ 2 ]