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The full original name of the organization appeared in April 1931 as the Ustaša – Hrvatska revolucionarna organizacija or UHRO (Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionary Organization). In 1933 it was renamed the Ustaša – Hrvatski revolucionarni pokret (Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionary Movement), a name it kept until World War II. [ 24 ]
The Ustaše Militia (Croatian: Ustaška vojnica) was the military branch of the Ustaše, established by the fascist and genocidal regime of Ante Pavelić in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), an Axis puppet state established from a large part of occupied Yugoslavia during World War II.
It consisted largely of Bosnian Muslim and Croat refugees from eastern Bosnia, where large massacres were carried out by Chetniks and to a small degree by the Yugoslav Partisans. [1] It became known for its fierce fighting against the Chetniks and the Partisans and massacres against Serb civilians. [ 1 ]
The Chetniks, a Yugoslav royalist and Serbian nationalist movement and guerrilla force, committed numerous war crimes during the Second World War, primarily directed against the non-Serb population of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, mainly Muslims and Croats, and against Communist-led Yugoslav Partisans and their supporters.
The Chetniks, [a] formally the Chetnik Detachments of the Yugoslav Army, and also the Yugoslav Army in the Homeland [b] and informally colloquially the Ravna Gora Movement, was a Yugoslav royalist and Serbian nationalist movement and guerrilla force [2] [3] [4] in Axis-occupied Yugoslavia.
The Chetniks wanted to forge an ethnically pure Greater Serbia claiming it was to ensure the survival of Serbs in Axis/Ustaše-controlled areas by violently "cleansing" these areas of Croats and Muslims. [7] Several historians view Chetnik actions against Muslim and Croats as constituting genocide.
In his 2001 book The Trial of Henry Kissinger, legendary British author Christopher Hitchens methodically laid out the case for the grand old US statesman to be prosecuted for conspiracy to commit ...
There were about 950 Chetniks serving under Drenović that year, positioned around Manjača and Glamoč. [37] Drenović had about 400 Chetniks under his command by the following year. [38] Drenović was a Chetnik vojvoda (warlord), [39] and his Chetnik band was the only one that the Ustaše trusted fully during the war. [38]