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  2. Codes for electromagnetic scattering by spheres - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codes_for_electromagnetic...

    This program calculates the scattering, absorption, and attenuation parameters, as well as the angular scattering patterns of a single coated sphere according to Aden-Kerker theory. 2007 L. Liu, H. Wang, B. Yu, Y. Xu, J. Shen [15] C: Unknown Light scattering by a coated sphere (extinction efficiency, scattering efficiency, light scattering ...

  3. Scattering parameters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scattering_parameters

    Note the format of the parameter notation SXYab, where "S" stands for scattering parameter or S-parameter, "X" is the response mode (differential or common), "Y" is the stimulus mode (differential or common), "a" is the response (output) port and b is the stimulus (input) port. This is the typical nomenclature for scattering parameters.

  4. Light scattering by particles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_scattering_by_particles

    Scattering from any spherical particles with arbitrary size parameter is explained by the Mie theory. Mie theory, also called Lorenz-Mie theory or Lorenz-Mie-Debye theory, is a complete analytical solution of Maxwell's equations for the scattering of electromagnetic radiation by spherical particles (Bohren and Huffman, 1998).

  5. Monte Carlo method for photon transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Carlo_method_for...

    Modeling photon propagation with Monte Carlo methods is a flexible yet rigorous approach to simulate photon transport. In the method, local rules of photon transport are expressed as probability distributions which describe the step size of photon movement between sites of photon-matter interaction and the angles of deflection in a photon's trajectory when a scattering event occurs.

  6. Nicolson–Ross–Weir method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolson–Ross–Weir_method

    The method uses scattering parameters of a material sample embedded in a waveguide, namely and , to calculate permittivity and permeability data. and correspond to the cumulative reflection and transmission coefficient of the sample that are referenced to the each sample end, respectively: these parameters account for the multiple internal reflections inside the sample, which is considered to ...

  7. S-matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-matrix

    More formally, in the context of QFT, the S-matrix is defined as the unitary matrix connecting sets of asymptotically free particle states (the in-states and the out-states) in the Hilbert space of physical states: a multi-particle state is said to be free (or non-interacting) if it transforms under Lorentz transformations as a tensor product ...

  8. Radiative transfer equation and diffusion theory for photon ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiative_transfer...

    The RTE is a differential equation describing radiance (, ^,).It can be derived via conservation of energy.Briefly, the RTE states that a beam of light loses energy through divergence and extinction (including both absorption and scattering away from the beam) and gains energy from light sources in the medium and scattering directed towards the beam.

  9. Numerical Electromagnetics Code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_Electromagnetics...

    The parameter ITG, short for "integer tag", is a user-provided number used to identify ("tag") this element. The NS parameter defines the number of segments the wire should be divided into during the calculation; using more segments breaks the wire into smaller parts and may produce more accurate results at the cost of increased calculation time.