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The review indicated that herbal products are better than artificial saliva in alleviating symptoms of radiation-induced xerostomia, while oral spray presentation and saliva substitutes containing 3% citric acid provide longer-lasting relief for drug-induced xerostomia. The selection and combination of saliva substitutes should be tailored to ...
Consistency and viscosity affect the adhesion and retention property of the gel, and are important in ensuring the gel is retained at the site of application and effective delivery of the drug. [3] The ingredients in topical gel formulation can be broadly categorized into four types: gelator, solvent, drug, and excipients.
Artificial tears are lubricating eye drops used to relieve dryness and irritation of the ocular surface. [1] Dry eye syndrome (keratoconjunctivitis sicca) is a common ocular surface disorder and is characterized by disruption of the tear film and increased inflammation.
Methyl cellulose, as a gel, has the unique property of setting when hot and melting when cold. [8] In some meat analogues that are intended to replicate the texture of meat, methyl cellulose is used as an ingredient, typically in concentrations less than 2%. [9] [10]
It acts primarily as a stool lubricant, and is thus not associated with abdominal cramps, diarrhea, flatulence, disturbances in electrolytes, or tolerance over long periods of usage, side effects that osmotic and stimulant laxatives often engender (however, some literature suggests that these may still occur).
Fun fact: K-Y Jelly, one of the most popular lubricant brands on the market, was created in 1904 and used not for sex, but as a surgical aid. When people did catch on that this jelly could be used ...
The phase III clinical trial for carrageenan-based Carraguard showed that it had no statistical effect on HIV infection, according to results released in 2008. The study showed that the gel was safe, with no side effects or increased risks. The trial also provided information about usage patterns in trial participants. [25] [26]
Nonoxynol-9 is a common ingredient of most vaginal and anal lubricants due to its spermicidal properties. A 2004 study found that over a six-month period, the typical-use failure rates for five nonoxynol-9 vaginal contraceptives (film, suppository, and gels at three different concentrations) ranged from 10% to 20%.